ABSTRACT

Accounting for the complexity of intercultural interactions in highly multicultural-fluid times requires re-imagining of (a) the fundamental constructs that have shaped our perceptions of interculturality and (b) the factors that contribute to smooth functioning in intercultural situations. Researchers’ epistemological and methodological positioning can strongly influence the range of findings and interpretations; thus, examining the theoretical stances embraced in papers in a specific geographical context can propel the rigorousness of its scientific research. Many perspectives and theories in intercultural communication scholarship have signalled a shift from national-wide and generalisable perceptions of cultural-communication dyadic relationship towards a consideration of sense-making processes and intersubjectivity. However, some treatments of interculturality still often reproduce, consciously or not, the same preponderant epistemologies that benchmark intercultural interactions as static and essentialist, especially at the inter-individual level. Liquid interculturality, as a postmodernist alternative responsive to the construction of cultures and identities, responds to the non-linearity of intercultural encounters and considers the fluidity of individuals’ representations of themselves and other interlocutors. This paper, by highlighting the shift from solid to liquid paradigms in intercultural communication theory and research, seeks to (a) situate and critically reflect on Moroccan intercultural communication scholarship with regards to today’s relevant research and (b) clarify how researchers tend to conceptualise intercultural encounters in reference to the theoretical underpinnings of liquid interculturality. Findings revealed that most research methods have been based on solid representations of interculturality with few signs of liquid interculturality.

摘要

在高度多元文化流动的时代解释跨文化互动的复杂性需要重新想象（a）塑造我们对跨文化的看法的基本结构和（b）有助于在跨文化环境中顺利运作的因素。研究人员的认识论和方法论定位可以强烈影响发现和解释的范围；因此，在特定地理背景下检查论文中所包含的理论立场可以推动其科学研究的严谨性。跨文化传播学术中的许多观点和理论表明，从对文化传播二元关系的全国性和普遍性的看法转向对意义构建过程和主体间性的考虑。然而，一些关于跨文化性的处理方法仍然经常有意识地或无意地复制相同的优势认识论，这些认识论将跨文化互动作为静态和本质主义的基准，尤其是在个体间层面。流动的跨文化性，作为一种响应文化和身份建构的后现代主义替代方案，响应了跨文化相遇的非线性，并考虑了个人对自己和其他对话者的表征的流动性。本文通过强调跨文化交际理论和研究中从固体范式到液体范式的转变 作为一种响应文化和身份建构的后现代主义替代方案，它响应了跨文化相遇的非线性，并考虑了个人对自己和其他对话者的表征的流动性。本文通过强调跨文化交际理论和研究中从固体范式到液体范式的转变 作为一种响应文化和身份建构的后现代主义替代方案，它响应了跨文化相遇的非线性，并考虑了个人对自己和其他对话者的表征的流动性。本文通过强调跨文化交际理论和研究中从固体范式到液体范式的转变,旨在 (a) 就当今的相关研究对摩洛哥跨文化交流学术进行定位和批判性反思，并 (b) 阐明研究人员如何根据流动跨文化的理论基础来概念化跨文化相遇。调查结果表明，大多数研究方法都是基于对跨文化性的坚实表征，几乎没有流动跨文化性的迹象。