ABSTRACT In the Sahara-Sahel, artisanal gold mining is booming. Fragile Sahelian states arguably provide a most likely case for the ‘resource conflict’ theory to hold, yet ‘resource capture’ can also underpin informal governance schemes through which the co-optation of non-state actors ushers in (hybrid) state-building. While the diversity of empirical cases lends credibility to both theories, the dialectic of proximity and distance – both social and spatial – helps make sense of the different modalities of artisanal gold mining governance in the region. In the Sahelian core of regional states, artisanal gold mining has supported regime empowerment; in the Sahara, it has helped assuage pre-existing tensions; in the Tibesti, it has led to militarisation and conflict.

中文翻译：

---

撒哈拉-萨赫勒地区的金矿开采：国家建立和解体的政治地理

摘要 在撒哈拉-萨赫勒地区，手工金矿开采正在蓬勃发展。脆弱的萨赫勒国家可以说为“资源冲突”理论提供了一个最有可能成立的案例，但“资源捕获”也可以支持非正式治理计划，通过这些计划，非国家行为者的合作引入（混合）国家建设。虽然经验案例的多样性为这两种理论提供了可信度，但邻近和距离的辩证法（社会和空间）有助于理解该地区手工金矿治理的不同模式。在萨赫勒地区国家的核心地区，手工采金支持政权赋权；在撒哈拉，它有助于缓和先前存在的紧张局势；在提贝斯提，它导致了军事化和冲突。