ABSTRACT

The present study included two experiments to determine whether the implicit association between psychological distance and valence would differ in the context of a structure-bound manner of experiencing. In Experiment 1, participants responded to a questionnaire that assessed individual differences in this manner and completed the proximity–distance Implicit Association Test (IAT) to measure the association strength between psychological distance and valence. Specifically, to categorize stimulus words that appeared in the center of the screen, participants were required to hit the right (I) or left (E) key as quickly and accurately as possible. Results showed that higher scores on a questionnaire of structure-bound manner of experiencing were associated with stronger implicit attitudes toward the proximity–negative and distance–positive directions. In Experiment 2, participants in the repetition (i.e., structure-bound) condition repeatedly performed a negative thought task, while those in the non-repetition condition performed a task to distract themselves from repetitive negative thoughts. The post-manipulation implicit attitudes denoting the distance-negative association were stronger in repetition condition than in non-repetition condition. Theoretical and practical contributions are discussed.

摘要

本研究包括两个实验，以确定心理距离和效价之间的隐式关联在经历结构绑定的方式中是否有所不同。在实验1中，参与者回答了以这种方式评估个体差异的调查问卷，并完成了接近距离隐式联想测试（IAT）以测量心理距离和效价之间的联想强度。具体来说，为了对出现在屏幕中央的刺激词进行分类，要求参与者尽可能快速，准确地按向右（I）或向左（E）键。结果表明，在结构受限的行为方式的调查问卷中，较高的分数与对接近负方向和距离正方向的较强内隐态度有关。在实验2中，处于重复（即受结构约束）条件的参与者重复执行消极思想任务，而处于非重复条件的参与者执行任务以分散自己对重复否定思想的注意力。表示距离负关联的操纵后隐式态度在重复条件下比在非重复条件下强。讨论了理论和实践上的贡献。而处于非重复状态的人则执行一项任务，以分散重复的负面思想。表示距离负关联的操纵后隐式态度在重复条件下比在非重复条件下强。讨论了理论和实践上的贡献。而处于非重复状态的人则执行一项任务，以分散重复的负面思想。表示距离负关联的操纵后隐式态度在重复条件下比在非重复条件下强。讨论了理论和实践上的贡献。