ABSTRACT

Symbolic violence is (re)produced within families at the nexus of blame and shame. This paper presents an understanding of symbolic violence that extends beyond processes of internalisation, in which shame is directed against the self, to questions of processes of reproduction within families, in which shame is externalised through blame. Drawing on mother-tongue life-history interviews with mothers and grandmothers in rural KwaZulu-Natal, the paper explores how this nexus of blame and shame is situated at the intersect of race and gender. It is bound by intergenerational poverty and educational exclusion that span the apartheid and post-apartheid eras in South Africa. Our understandings of gendered poverty thus need to attend to these intergenerational processes of shaming, in which pervasive neoliberal discourses around individual effort and success mask structural constraints, potentially damaging relationships within families and across social networks.

摘要

在家庭内部，象征性暴力的产生（再）是指责与羞辱之间的联系。本文提出了对象征性暴力的理解，这种理解超出了内部化过程的范围，在内部化过程中，羞耻是针对自我的，而在家庭内部的再生产过程中，羞耻是通过责备而外部化的。通过对夸祖鲁-纳塔尔省农村地区母亲和祖母的母语生活史访谈，本文探讨了这种责备与羞辱的联系如何位于种族和性别的交汇处。它受到跨种族隔离和南非种族隔离和后种族隔离时代的代际贫困和教育排斥的束缚。因此，我们对性别贫困的理解需要参与这些代际羞辱过程，