ABSTRACT

Conventional externally-driven development interventions have shifted towards ‘localized,’ ‘bottom-up,’ participatory approaches, such as Community-Driven Development (CDD). However, structural dynamics of conflict-prone spaces continue to challenge their sustainability. Integrating content analysis, social network analysis (SNA), and qualitative comparisons (archival research and over 100 field interviews), this article examines the efficacy of CDD in Pakistan and Afghanistan. SNA of two World Bank programmes illuminates network properties of power and centralization, corresponding with key insights from fieldwork, including comparisons with Pakistan’s Rural Support Programmes. This mixed-method study reveals critical structural conditions that permit and/or constrain sustainable, locally-owned processes in fragile spaces.

摘要

传统的外部驱动发展干预已经转向“本地化”、“自下而上”的参与式方法，例如社区驱动发展 (CDD)。然而，易冲突空间的结构动态继续挑战其可持续性。本文结合内容分析、社交网络分析 (SNA) 和定性比较（档案研究和 100 多次现场访谈），检验了 CDD 在巴基斯坦和阿富汗的功效。世界银行两个项目的 SNA 阐明了权力和集中化的网络特性，与实地工作的关键见解相对应，包括与巴基斯坦农村支持项目的比较。这项混合方法研究揭示了允许和/或限制脆弱空间中可持续的本地拥有过程的关键结构条件。