ABSTRACT

Rudolf Eisler’s Dictionary of Philosophical Concepts (2^nd edition, 1904) and James Mark Baldwin’s Dictionary of Philosophy and Psychology (new edition, 1920) show that, until the first two decades of the 20^th century, The Philosophy of the Unconscious (1869) by Eduard von Hartmann (1842–1906) defined the meaning of the expression “the unconscious.” This special volume will explore how the “unconscious” has been interpreted during the last two hundred years from various perspectives, without confining itself to the Freudian concept of the unconscious. In this introduction, I delineate the historical background of the “unconscious” up until the beginning of the 19^th century, thereby focusing on Leibniz’ theory of “minute perceptions” (the perceptions “one is unaware of” i.e., the perceptions below the threshold of attention), and Schelling’s idea of the “unconscious,” where the transcendental philosophy, the Naturphilosophie, and the philosophy of art are inseparably connected.

摘要

鲁道夫·艾斯勒的哲学概念的词典（2^次版，1904）和詹姆斯·马克·鲍德温的哲学和心理学的词典（新版，1920）显示，直到第一个二十年的20^个世纪，无意识的哲学（1869年）由爱德华·冯·哈特曼（Eduard von Hartmann，1842-1906年）定义了“无意识”一词的含义。这本特别的书将探讨在过去的200年中如何从各种角度解释“无意识”，而并不局限于弗洛伊德式的无意识概念。在这篇引言中，我描述了直到19^世纪初“无意识”的历史背景。世纪，因此着眼于莱布尼兹的“分钟知觉”理论（“一个人不知道”的知觉，即低于关注阈值的知觉）和谢林的“无意识”观念，其中先验哲学，自然哲学，与艺术哲学密不可分。