ABSTRACT

This paper examines whether the impact of COVID-19 at the household level is an obstacle to achieving the sustainable development goals of no poverty (SDG1), zero hunger (SDG2), good health and wellbeing (SDG3) and decent work and economic growth (SDG8). We limit our investigation to farm households given their precarious situation. We analyse data from the World Bank National Longitudinal Phone Survey (COVID-19 NLPS) and the 2018/2019 General Household Survey (GHS). An exact McNemar’s test determined that there was a statistically significant difference in the proportion of households that skipped a meal (p =.002), ran out of food (p =.036) or went a whole day without food (p <.001) pre- and during- COVID-19. Approximately 81% perceived COVID-19 as a substantial threat to their income. This was buttressed by the finding that 75% reported a decrease in their total income since the outbreak of COVID-19. Overall, the findings in this paper suggest that COVID-19 posed a substantial threat to the attainment of SDGs 1, 2, 3 and 8. In the long term, government would need to mitigate the impact of COVID-19 through targeted social protection programs and policies to ensure that the country is on track to achieve the SDGs.

摘要

本文研究了COVID-19在家庭层面的影响是否是实现无贫困（SDG1），零饥饿（SDG2），健康和福祉（SDG3）以及体面劳动和经济增长的可持续发展目标的障碍（ SDG8）。鉴于情况不稳定，我们的调查仅限于农户。我们分析了来自世界银行国家纵向电话调查（COVID-19 NLPS）和2018/2019年一般家庭调查（GHS）的数据。确切的McNemar检验确定有在家庭是跳过一顿饭（比例在统计学上显著差异p = 0.002），食品跑出（p = 0.036）或去一整天没吃东西（p<.001）在COVID-19之前和期间。大约81％的人认为COVID-19对他们的收入构成重大威胁。研究发现，自COVID-19爆发以来，有75％的人报告其总收入有所下降，这为这一观点提供了支持。总体而言，本文的研究结果表明，COVID-19对实现可持续发展目标1、2、3和8构成了重大威胁。从长远来看，政府将需要通过有针对性的社会保护计划来减轻COVID-19的影响以及确保该国步入可持续发展目标的政策。