ABSTRACT

This paper presents a study on 80 countries that evaluates the socioeconomic factors in containing the spread and mortality of COVID-19. Our results show that the long-term social factors such as lower personal freedom, better education in science, and past coronavirus outbreak experience are more effective than the economic factors such as higher healthcare-associated factors per 1000 population and larger GDP. However, using GDP per capita as the instrumental variable, we also find that the richer countries with a high degree of personal freedom have a higher number of infection or death cases per million population because they would be less likely to adhere to and implement the policy of the movement restrictions to restrict their access to goods and services.

摘要

本文介绍了一项针对80个国家/地区的研究，评估了抑制COVID-19传播和死亡的社会经济因素。我们的结果表明，长期的社会因素（例如较低的人身自由，科学程度的提高以及过去的冠状病毒爆发经验）比经济因素（例如每千人口中与医疗保健相关的因素较高和GDP较高）更有效。但是，使用人均GDP作为工具变量，我们还发现，人格自由度较高的富裕国家每百万人口的感染或死亡病例数较高，因为它们不太可能遵守和执行该政策行动限制，限制他们获得商品和服务。