Over the past decade the integration of astrochronology and U/Pb thermal ionization mass spectrometry dating has resulted in major improvements in the Devonian time scale, which allowed for accurate determination of ages and rates of change in this critical interval of Earth history. However, widely different durations have been published for the Middle Devonian Eifelian stage. Here we aim to solve this discrepancy by building an astronomically calibrated time scale using a high-resolution geochemical data set collected in the early to late Eifelian outer-ramp and deep-shelf deposits of the Seneca section (Appalachian Basin, Western New York, USA). The Middle Devonian Eifelian Stage (GTS2012; base at 393.3 ± 1.2 m.y. and duration estimate of 5.6 ± 1.9 m.y.), is bracketed by two major bioevents, respectively the Choteč event at its base and the Kačák event just prior to the Eifelian–Givetian boundary. To capture the record of Milankovitch-scale climatic cycles and to develop a model of the climatic and oceanographic variations that affected the Appalachian Basin during the Eifelian, 750 samples were collected at typically 2.5 cm intervals across the Seneca section. Major and trace elements were measured on each sample with an inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectrometer. To estimate the duration of the Seneca section sampled, we applied multiple spectral techniques such as harmonic analysis, the multi-taper, and evolutionary spectral analysis, and we tuned the Log10Ti series using the short orbital eccentricity ∼100 k.y. cycle. Then, to assess the reliability of our cyclostratigraphic interpretation we ran the Average Spectral Misfit method on selected proxies for detrital input variation. The estimated duration derived using this method falls in the range of durations estimated with the tuning method. Using the approximate position of the Emsian–Eifelian and Eifelian–Givetian boundaries, constrained within <1 m, the proposed estimation of the total duration of the Eifelian age is ∼5 m.y. Interpolated from the high-resolution U-Pb radiometric age available for the Tioga F Bentonite, the numerical ages of the Emsian–Eifelian and the Eifelian–Givetian were respectively recalibrated at 393.39 Ma and 388.24 Ma. The uncertainty from the radiometric date is respectively ± 0.86 Ma and ± 0.86 Ma.

中文翻译：

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艾菲尔阶的旋回地层校准（美国西部纽约州阿巴拉契亚盆地中泥盆纪）

在过去的十年中，天文年代学和U / Pb热电离质谱法测年的结合已导致泥盆纪时标的重大改进，从而可以精确确定地球历史这一关键间隔的年龄和变化率。但是，中泥盆世的艾菲尔阶期的持续时间已经有很大不同。在这里，我们旨在通过使用高分辨率的地球化学数据集建立天文校正的时间尺度，以解决这一差异，该高分辨率地球化学数据集是在塞内卡河段（早期，纽约，美国纽约州阿巴拉契亚盆地）的伊法利亚外斜坡和深架沉积物中收集的。 ）。泥盆纪中期伊弗利亚期（GTS2012；基数为393.3±1.2 my，持续时间估计为5.6±1.9 my），由两个主要的生物事件包围，分别是位于其底部的Choteč事件和就在伊菲尔-吉夫提尼边界之前的Kačák事件。为了记录米兰科维奇尺度的气候周期记录，并建立一个模型，建立一个在艾菲尔时期影响阿巴拉契亚盆地的气候和海洋变化的模型，整个塞内卡断层以每2.5 cm的间隔收集了750个样本。用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪测量每个样品的主要和痕量元素。为了估计塞内卡截面的持续时间，我们应用了多种频谱技术，例如谐波分析，多锥度和演化频谱分析，并使用短轨道偏心率〜100 ky周期对Log10Ti系列进行了调谐。然后，为了评估我们的地层地层解释的可靠性，我们对所选代理中的碎屑输入变化运行了平均光谱失配方法。使用此方法得出的估计持续时间落在使用调整方法估计的持续时间范围内。利用限制在<1 m之内的Emsian–Eifelian和Eifelian–Givetian边界的近似位置，建议的Eifelian年龄总持续时间的估算值约为5 my，这是根据高分辨率U-Pb辐射年龄得出的。 Tioga F膨润土的Emsian-Eifelian和Eifelian-Givetian数值年龄分别重新校准为393.39 Ma和388.24 Ma。辐射测量日期的不确定度分别为±0.86 Ma和±0.86 Ma。使用此方法得出的估计持续时间落在使用调整方法估计的持续时间范围内。利用限制在<1 m之内的Emsian–Eifelian和Eifelian–Givetian边界的近似位置，建议的Eifelian年龄总持续时间的估算值约为5 my，这是根据高分辨率U-Pb辐射年龄得出的。 Tioga F膨润土的Emsian-Eifelian和Eifelian-Givetian数值年龄分别重新校准为393.39 Ma和388.24 Ma。辐射测量日期的不确定度分别为±0.86 Ma和±0.86 Ma。使用此方法得出的估计持续时间落在使用调整方法估计的持续时间范围内。利用限制在<1 m之内的Emsian–Eifelian和Eifelian–Givetian边界的近似位置，建议的Eifelian年龄总持续时间的估算值约为5 my，这是根据高分辨率U-Pb辐射年龄得出的。 Tioga F膨润土的Emsian-Eifelian和Eifelian-Givetian数值年龄分别重新校准为393.39 Ma和388.24 Ma。辐射测量日期的不确定度分别为±0.86 Ma和±0.86 Ma。根据对Tioga F膨润土可用的高分辨率U-Pb辐射年龄进行插值，提议的估计伊菲尔时代的总持续时间约为〜5 my，Emsian-Eifelian和Eifelian-Givetian的数字年龄分别重新校准为393.39马和388.24马。辐射测量日期的不确定度分别为±0.86 Ma和±0.86 Ma。根据对Tioga F膨润土可用的高分辨率U-Pb辐射年龄进行插值，提议的估计伊菲尔时代的总持续时间约为〜5 my，Emsian-Eifelian和Eifelian-Givetian的数字年龄分别重新校准为393.39马和388.24马。辐射测量日期的不确定度分别为±0.86 Ma和±0.86 Ma。