The McMurdo Dry Valley region is the largest ice-free area of Antarctica. Ephemeral streams flow here during the austral summer, transporting glacial meltwater to perennially ice-covered, closed basin lakes. The chemistry of 24 Taylor Valley streams was examined over the two-decade period of monitoring from 1993 to 2014, and the geochemical behavior of two streams of contrasting physical and biological character was monitored across the seven weeks of the 2010–2011 flow season. Four species dominate stream solute budgets: HCO3–, Ca2+, Na+, and Cl–, with SO42–, Mg2+, and K+ present in significantly lesser proportions. All streams contain dissolved silica at low concentrations. Across Taylor Valley, streams are characterized by their consistent anionic geochemical fingerprint of HCO3 > Cl > SO4, but there is a split in cation composition between 14 streams with Ca > Na > Mg > K and 10 streams with Na > Ca > Mg > K.Andersen Creek is a first-order proglacial stream representative of the 13 short streams that flow <1.5 km from source to gage. Von Guerard is representative of 11 long streams 2–7 km in length characterized by extensive hyporheic zones. Both streams exhibit a strong daily cycle for solute load, temperature, dissolved oxygen, and pH, which vary in proportion to discharge. A well-expressed diurnal co-variation of pH with dissolved oxygen is observed for both streams that reflects different types of biological control. The relative consistency of Von Guerard composition over the summer flow season reflects chemostatic regulation, where water in transient storage introduced during times of high streamflow has an extended opportunity for water-sediment interaction, silicate mineral dissolution, and pore-water exchange.

中文翻译：

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反流类型的地球化学，南极泰勒河谷

麦克默多干旱谷地区是南极洲最大的无冰区。在南方夏季，短暂的河流在此流动，将冰川融水输送到常年被冰雪覆盖的封闭盆地湖泊中。在1993年至2014年的两个十年的监测期内，对24个泰勒河谷溪流的化学性质进行了检查，并在2010-2011年流量季节的七个星期内监测了两条物理和生物学特性相反的溪流的地球化学行为。四种物质占据了河流的溶质预算：HCO3–，Ca2 +，Na +和Cl–，其中SO42–，Mg2 +和K +的比例要低得多。所有料流均包含低浓度的溶解二氧化硅。在泰勒河谷，溪流的特征是：HCO3> Cl> SO4，但是在Ca> Na> Mg> K的14条流和Na> Ca> Mg> K的10条流之间，阳离子组成有所不同.Andersen Creek是代表流向<1.5的13条短流的一阶泌乳期流。从源到量规的公里。冯·瓜拉德（Von Guerard）代表着11条2-7公里长的长河，其特征是宽泛的低渗带。两种物流的溶质负荷，温度，溶解氧和pH值均具有很强的日循环，这与排放成比例地变化。在两种流中均观察到表达良好的pH与溶解氧的日变化，这反映了不同类型的生物控制。冯·瓜拉德（Von Guerard）成分在夏季水流季节的相对一致性反映了其化学调节作用，