Background: The use of phytochemicals for the treatment of various bodily ailments has been in practice since ancient days. Even though in practice, scientific studies on the protective effect of β-glucogallin (BG) against glaucoma is limited. Objectives: In the present study, the in vitro glaucoma model (hydrostatic pressure) using PC12 neuronal cells exposed to BG were used to elucidate its protective effects. Method: The cultured cells were analyzed for the mitochondrial responses, oxidant-antioxidant status, and expression of caveolin-1, ANGPTL7, the glaucoma markers, and cytokines. Results: We demonstrated a significant increase in the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein, ANGPTL7, with altered mitochondrial enzymes in glaucoma cells compared to the control. Moreover, cells predisposed to hydrostatic pressure demonstrated an increase in oxidative stress with augmented (p #x3c; 0.01) inflammatory cytokines such as IL-2, CXCR4, IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1, and TNF-α. On the other hand, cells pretreated with BG attenuated the reactive oxygen species levels with improved antioxidant enzymes. Simultaneously, the levels of inflammatory cytokines and ANGPTL7 proteins were found attenuated with restored mitochondrial responses in BG pretreated cells. Conclusion: Thus, the results of the present study demonstrate that the use of BG on retinal cells against relieving the intraocular pressure may be a promising therapeutic for controlling the disease progression.
Neuroimmunomodulation

中文翻译：

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β-葡萄糖没食子素的抗青光眼潜力是通过调节实验诱发青光眼中的线粒体反应来介导的


背景：自古以来就使用植物化学物质来治疗各种身体疾病。尽管在实践中，关于β-葡萄糖没食子素（BG）对青光眼的保护作用的科学研究仍然有限。目的：在本研究中，使用暴露于 BG 的 PC12 神经元细胞建立体外青光眼模型（静水压）来阐明其保护作用。方法：分析培养细胞的线粒体反应、氧化-抗氧化状态以及Caveolin-1 、 ANGPTL7 、青光眼标志物和细胞因子的表达。结果：我们证明，与对照组相比，青光眼细胞中神经胶质原纤维酸性蛋白 ANGPTL7 的表达显着增加，线粒体酶发生了改变。此外，易受静水压影响的细胞表现出氧化应激增加，炎症细胞因子（如 IL-2、CXCR4、IL-6、IL-8、MCP-1 和 TNF-α）增加（ p #x3c；0.01）。另一方面，用 BG 预处理的细胞通过改进的抗氧化酶降低了活性氧水平。同时，在 BG 预处理的细胞中，炎症细胞因子和 ANGPTL7 蛋白的水平随着线粒体反应的恢复而减弱。结论：因此，本研究的结果表明，对视网膜细胞使用 BG 来缓解眼内压可能是控制疾病进展的一种有前景的治疗方法。
 神经免疫调节