Abstract

The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of lipid peroxidation with occupational exposure to different types of nanomaterials (NMs). In this cross-sectional study, urine and exhaled breath condensate (EBC) samples were collected from 80 NM-handling workers [30 workers handling nano-titanium oxide (nano-TiO₂), 28 handling nano-silicon dioxide (nano-SiO₂), 22 handling carbon nanotubes (CNTs)], and 69 controls (office workers) from 2010 to 2012. Urinary 8-isoPGF_2α, 2,3 dinor-8-isoPGF_2α, PGF_2α, and EBC 8-iso PGF_2α were measured as lipid peroxidation biomarkers in 2013. A significant positive correlation was found between 8-isoPGF_2α, 2,3 dinor-8-isoPGF_2α, PGF_2α, and total isoprostane in urine. Furthermore, significant positive correlations were noted between EBC 8-iso PGF_2α and urinary 2,3 dinor-8-isoPGF_2α (Spearman correlation r = 0.173, p = 0.035). Exposure to nano-TiO₂ resulted in significantly higher levels of urinary 8-isoPGF_2α, 2,3 dinor-8-isoPGF_2α and PGF_2α, even after controlling for confounding factors. Moreover, significant associations and exposure intensity–response relationships between EBC 8-iso PGF_2α and NMs were observed in workers, whether handling nano-TiO₂, nano-SiO₂, or CNTs. Among them, the significant trends were identified based on the intensity of risk levels. These results provided evidence that exposure to nano-TiO₂, nano-SiO₂, and CNTs may lead to lipid peroxidation in EBC. For routine biomonitoring purposes, this finding, which came through noninvasive methods, may be useful for workers exposed to NMs.

1. Highlights

2. Data regarding the effects of nano-titanium oxide (nano-TiO₂), nano-silicon dioxide (nano-SiO₂), and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on lipid peroxidation in workers are limited.

3. 8-Iso PGF_2α in exhaled breath condensate of workers exposed to nanoparticles was higher than that of office workers.

4. Exposure to titanium oxide (TiO₂) and silica (SiO₂) may lead to lipid peroxidation, as indicated by 8-isoPGF_2α, 2,3 dinor-8-isoPGF_2α, and PGF_2α.

5. Examination of lipid peroxidation in EBC has seems to be a useful technique for noninvasive monitoring of workers exposed to nanoparticles.

摘要

本研究的目的是评估脂质过氧化对不同类型纳米材料 (NM) 职业暴露的影响。在这项横断面研究中，尿液和呼出气冷凝物 (EBC) 样本收集自 80 名 NM 处理工人 [30 名处理纳米氧化钛 (nano-TiO ₂ ) 的工人，28 名处理纳米二氧化硅 (nano-SiO ₂ )、22 个处理碳纳米管 (CNT)] 和 69 个对照（办公室工作人员）从 2010 年到 2012 年。尿 8-isoPGF _2α、2,3 dinor-8-isoPGF _2α、PGF _2α和 EBC 8-iso PGF _2α分别是2013 年作为脂质过氧化生物标志物测量。发现 8-isoPGF _2α之间存在显着的正相关、2,3 dinor-8-isoPGF _2α、PGF _2α和尿液中的总异前列腺素。此外，EBC 8-iso PGF _2α和尿 2,3 dinor-8-isoPGF _2α之间存在显着的正相关（Spearman 相关 r = 0.173，p  = 0.035）。即使在控制了混杂因素之后，暴露于纳米 TiO ₂也会导致尿中 8-isoPGF _2α、2,3 dinor-8-isoPGF _2α和 PGF _{2α 的}水平显着升高。此外，在工人中观察到EBC 8-iso PGF _2α和 NMs之间的显着关联和暴露强度-反应关系，无论是处理纳米 TiO ₂、纳米SiO ₂或碳纳米管。其中，显着趋势是根据风险级别的强度确定的。这些结果提供了证据表明暴露于纳米 TiO ₂、纳米 SiO ₂和 CNT 可能导致 EBC 中的脂质过氧化。对于常规生物监测目的，这一通过非侵入性方法获得的发现可能对接触 NMs 的工人有用。

1. 强调

2. 关于纳米氧化钛 (nano-TiO ₂ )、纳米二氧化硅 (nano-SiO ₂ ) 和碳纳米管 (CNTs) 对工人脂质过氧化的影响的数据是有限的。

3. 接触纳米颗粒的工人呼出气冷凝物中的8-Iso PGF _2α高于办公室工作人员。

4. 暴露于氧化钛 (TiO ₂ ) 和二氧化硅 (SiO ₂ ) 可能导致脂质过氧化，如 8-isoPGF _2α、2,3 dinor-8-isoPGF _2α和 PGF _{2α 所示}。

5. EBC 中脂质过氧化的检查似乎是对暴露于纳米颗粒的工人进行无创监测的有用技术。