Candida parapsilosis has emerged as a frequent cause of invasive candidiasis with increasing evidence of unique biological features relative to C. albicans. As it adapts to conditions within a mammalian host, rapid changes in gene expression are necessary to facilitate colonization and persistence in this environment. Adhesion of the organism to biological surfaces is a key first step in this process and is the focus of this study. Building on previous observations showing the importance of a member of the ALS gene family in C. parapsilosis adhesion, three clinical isolates were cultured under two conditions that mimic the mammalian host and promote adhesion, incubation at 37°C in tissue culture medium 199 or in human plasma. Transcriptional profiles using RNA-seq were obtained in these adhesion-inducing conditions and compared to profiles following growth in yeast media that suppress adhesion to identify gene expression profiles associated with adhesion. Overall gene expression profiles among the three strains were similar in both adhesion-inducing conditions and distinct from adhesion-suppressing conditions. Pairwise analysis among the three growth conditions identified 133 genes that were differentially expressed at a cutoff of ±4-fold, with the most upregulated genes significantly enriched in iron acquisition and transmembrane transport, while the most downregulated genes were enriched in oxidation-reduction processes. Gene family enrichment analysis identified gene families with diverse functions that may have an important role in this important step for colonization and disease.

中文翻译：

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与近平滑念珠菌诱导粘附相关的转录谱

近平滑念珠菌已成为侵袭性念珠菌病的常见原因，越来越多的证据表明与白色念珠菌相关的独特生物学特征。当它适应哺乳动物宿主内的条件时，基因表达的快速变化是必要的，以促进在这种环境中的定植和持久性。生物体对生物表面的粘附是该过程的关键第一步，也是本研究的重点。基于之前的观察结果表明ALS基因家族成员在近平滑念珠菌中的重要性粘附，在模拟哺乳动物宿主并促进粘附的两种条件下培养三个临床分离株，在组织培养基 199 或人血浆中于 37°C 孵育。在这些粘附诱导条件下获得使用 RNA-seq 的转录谱，并与在抑制粘附的酵母培养基中生长后的谱进行比较，以确定与粘附相关的基因表达谱。三种菌株之间的总体基因表达谱在粘附诱导条件下相似，与粘附抑制条件不同。三种生长条件之间的成对分析确定了 133 个基因在 ±4 倍的截止值下差异表达，其中最上调的基因显着富集铁获取和跨膜转运，而最下调的基因在氧化还原过程中富集。基因家族富集分析确定了具有多种功能的基因家族，这些基因家族可能在定植和疾病的这一重要步骤中发挥重要作用。