Changes in animal population dynamics and community composition following species (re)introduction may have unanticipated consequences for a variety of downstream ecosystem processes, including infectious disease transmission. Due the lessons learned from ongoing projects, we present a novel approach on how to anticipate, monitor, and mitigate the vampire bats and rabies in rewilding projects. We pinpoint a series of precautions and the need for long-term monitoring of vampire bats and rabies responses to rewilding projects and highlighted the importance of multidisciplinary teams of scientist and managers focusing on prevention educational program of rabies risk transmitted by bats. In addition, monitoring the relative abundance of vampire bats, considering reproductive control by sterilization and oral vaccines that autonomously transfer among bats would reduce the probability, size and duration of rabies outbreaks. The rewilding assessment framework presented here responds to calls to better integrate the science and practice of rewilding and will help conservation practitioners and researchers to develop effective message framing strategies that minimize bats emerging infectious diseases and support biodiversity and its associated ecosystem services.

物种（重新引入）后动物种群动态和群落组成的变化可能对各种下游生态系统过程（包括传染病传播）产生意想不到的后果。由于从正在进行的项目中吸取了教训，因此我们提出了一种新颖的方法，用于在野外项目中如何预测，监控和减轻吸血蝙蝠和狂犬病。我们指出了一系列预防措施以及对吸血蝙蝠和狂犬病应对野外项目的长期监测的必要性，并强调了由科学家和管理人员组成的多学科团队，重点研究蝙蝠传播的狂犬病风险的预防教育计划的重要性。此外，监控吸血蝙蝠的相对数量，考虑通过绝育和口服疫苗进行生殖控制，从而在蝙蝠之间自主转移将减少狂犬病暴发的可能性，规模和持续时间。此处提出的野外评估框架是对更好地整合野外科学和实践的呼吁的回应，并将帮助养护从业人员和研究人员制定有效的信息框架策略，以最大程度地减少蝙蝠出现的传染病并支持生物多样性及其相关的生态系统服务。