The osmotically assisted reverse osmosis (OARO) has been recently proposed to increase the water recovery of the reverse osmosis (RO) process, in which RO has reached its limitations. Strong membranes are essential for both OARO and RO processes. Here, we have developed high mechanical strength thin-film composite (TFC) hollow fiber membranes for both RO and OARO processes. The newly developed TFC hollow fiber membranes consist of a polyamide layer synthesized via interfacial polymerization on the inner surface of PES hollow fiber substrates that have been optimized by controlling the bore and dope fluid flow rates, fiber dimension and morphology. The TFC-PES hollow fiber membranes have a pure water permeability (PWP) of around 2.5–3 L/(m² h bar) (LMH/bar) and a NaCl rejection of around 97.5–98% for brackish water desalination at 20 bar. The water permeability drops from 2.15 to 0.06 LMH/bar when the NaCl concentration increases from 0.035 mol/L (2000 ppm) to 1.2 mol/L at 30 bar for OARO due to the concentrative and dilutive concentration polarization (ECP and ICP) that decreases the effective driving force. The structural parameter (S) and burst pressure (P_B) of the newly developed membranes increase from 550 to 800 μm and from 47 to 104 bar, respectively, with an increase in the dope to bore flow rate ratio (D/B ratio) because of the thicker substrate wall and reduction in porosity. The optimal TFC-PES hollow fiber membrane for OARO has a burst pressure of 95 bar, structural parameter of 795 μm and water permeability of 0.09 LMH/bar when using 1.2 mol/L NaCl for OARO. To the best of our knowledge, this inner-selective TFC-PES hollow fiber membrane has the highest burst pressure to date, it has impressive high mechanical strength and good RO and OARO performance.

最近提出了渗透辅助反渗透（OARO）以增加反渗透（RO）工艺的水回收率，其中RO已达到其极限。坚固的膜对于OARO和RO工艺都是必不可少的。在这里，我们开发了用于RO和OARO工艺的高机械强度薄膜复合（TFC）中空纤维膜。新开发的TFC中空纤维膜由在PES中空纤维基材的内表面上通过界面聚合合成的聚酰胺层组成，该聚酰胺层通过控制孔和浓液的流速，纤维尺寸和形态进行了优化。TFC-PES中空纤维膜的纯水渗透率（PWP）约为2.5–3 L /（m ² h bar）（LMH / bar）和20 bar的微咸水淡化时的NaCl去除率约为97.5–98％。当OARO的NaCl浓度在30 bar下从0.035 mol / L（2000 ppm）增加到1.2 mol / L时，由于浓水和稀释浓度极化（ECP和ICP）降低，水渗透性从2.15降至0.06 LMH / bar有效的驱动力。结构参数（S）和爆破压力（P _B由于基质壁更厚和孔隙率降低，新开发的膜的）分别从550μm增加到了800μm，从47 bar增大到了104 bar，并且涂料与孔的流速比（D / B比）增加。OARO的最佳TFC-PES中空纤维膜的爆破压力为95 bar，结构参数为795μm，当使用1.2 mol / L NaCl进行OARO时的透水性为0.09 LMH / bar。据我们所知，这种内部选择性TFC-PES中空纤维膜具有迄今为止最高的破裂压力，具有令人印象深刻的高机械强度以及良好的RO和OARO性能。