BACKGROUND:Fruits of Crataegus songarica are commonly used for the treatment of vascular insufficiency and heart problems. OBJECTIVE:Our aim was to determine the effect of C. songarica on vascular tone and to determine the mechanisms underlying the vasorelaxant properties. METHODS:Extracts of C. songarica were tested for vasodilator activity of porcine coronary artery after pre-contraction with the thromboxane mimetic U46619 in the presence or absence of inhibitors of intracellular signaling cascades. Reactive oxygen species were assessed by dihydroethidine staining and the level of eNOS and AKT phosphorylation was measured by immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS:Extracts of C. songarica berries produced endothelium dependent vasorelaxation, with most significant effect induced by aqueous fraction (AS-CS). This vasorelaxant effect of AS-CS was reduced by inhibition of nitric oxide pathways and inhibition of potassium channels. Inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 3- kinase and Src tyrosine kinase, as well as scavenging of reactive oxygen species, produced an attenuation of the relaxation response. Estrogen receptor antagonists(tamoxifen and ICI 182,782) reduced the AS-CS mediated vasorelaxation. AS-CS also stimulated the endothelial formation of ROS and phosphorylation of Akt and eNOS. CONCLUSION:The data indicated that C. songarica produces an endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation, which is partly dependent upon estrogen receptors, and sensitive to inhibition of ROS/Src/PI3K/NO pathways.

中文翻译：

---

山楂浆果（山楂）可引起猪冠状动脉内皮依赖性舒张：雌激素受体的作用

背景：山楂属水果通常用于治疗血管功能不全和心脏问题。目的：我们的目的是确定松果念珠菌对血管张力的影响，并确定血管舒张特性的潜在机制。方法：在存在或不存在细胞内信号传导级联抑制剂的情况下，用血栓烷模拟物U46619进行预收缩后，对松果梭菌提取物的猪冠状动脉血管舒张活性进行了测试。通过二氢乙啶染色评估活性氧种类，通过免疫组织化学染色测量eNOS和AKT磷酸化水平。结果：松果衣原体提取物产生了内皮依赖性血管舒张作用，其中水性成分（AS-CS）诱导的作用最明显。通过抑制一氧化氮途径和抑制钾通道降低了AS-CS的血管舒张作用。磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶和Src酪氨酸激酶的抑制以及活性氧的清除，导致松弛反应的减弱。雌激素受体拮抗剂（他莫昔芬和ICI 182,782）减少了AS-CS介导的血管舒张。AS-CS还刺激了ROS的内皮形成以及Akt和eNOS的磷酸化。结论：数据表明，松果衣原体产生内皮依赖性血管舒张，其部分依赖于雌激素受体，并且对抑制ROS / Src / PI3K / NO途径敏感。以及清除活性氧种类，都会减弱松弛反应。雌激素受体拮抗剂（他莫昔芬和ICI 182,782）减少了AS-CS介导的血管舒张。AS-CS还刺激了ROS的内皮形成以及Akt和eNOS的磷酸化。结论：数据表明，松果衣原体产生内皮依赖性血管舒张，其部分依赖于雌激素受体，并且对抑制ROS / Src / PI3K / NO途径敏感。以及清除活性氧种类，都会减弱松弛反应。雌激素受体拮抗剂（他莫昔芬和ICI 182,782）减少了AS-CS介导的血管舒张。AS-CS还刺激了ROS的内皮形成以及Akt和eNOS的磷酸化。结论：数据表明，松果衣原体产生内皮依赖性血管舒张，其部分依赖于雌激素受体，并且对抑制ROS / Src / PI3K / NO途径敏感。