In the past two decades, dozens to more than a hundred people have died each year in water-related accidents, most of which general aviation has accounted for. To identify the distribution and risk factors of fatal water-related accidents for general aviation aircraft, a total of 594 water-related accidents according to 14 CFR Part 91 from 2009 to 2019 were chosen from the National Transportation Safety Board’s online database. A two-step approach, consisting of a univariable logistic regression and a multivariable logistic regression, was performed to estimate the effects of 28 parameters. Results show that aircraft with a rated power of more than 100 horsepower (), instrument conditions (), flying night operations (), and cruise phase () possessed an elevated risk for a fatal outcome. This research is the first to identify the distribution and risk factors of fatal water-related accidents under 14 CFR Part 91. The necessity and importance of survival equipment for water-related accidents are also highlighted in this paper.

中文翻译：

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通用飞机水上事故的分布及危险因素

在过去的二十年中，每年有数十至一百多人死于与水有关的事故，其中大多数是通用航空造成的。为了确定通用航空器致命水相关事故的分布和危险因素，根据14 CFR Part 91从2009年至2019年，从国家运输安全委员会的在线数据库中选择了总共594起水相关事故。进行了由单变量逻辑回归和多变量逻辑回归组成的两步​​法，以估算28个参数的影响。结果表明，额定功率超过100马力的飞机（），仪器条件（），夜间飞行操作（）和巡航阶段（）具有致命后果的高风险。这项研究是第一个根据14 CFR Part 91确定与水有关的致命事故的分布和危险因素的研究。本文还着重指出了与水有关的事故中救生设备的必要性和重要性。