ABSTRACT

Objectives

Latinos are at a high risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D). Prediabetes is a major risk factor for T2D; however, progression to T2D can be slowed with engagement in healthy behaviors. Stress can hinder engagement with health behaviors. Qualitative methods were used to understand how Latinos with prediabetes attempted to modify their diet and physical activity behaviors to slow T2D progression and how stress affected their engagement in these behaviors.

Design

Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 Latinos with prediabetes in North Carolina. Participants were asked questions about types of stress they experienced and how stress affected their health. We generated codes on stress and stress responses and used content analysis to organize codes between and within participants.

Results

Behaviors changed after prediabetes diagnosis. Few participants reported changing their physical activity, however, all participants attempted to change their eating patterns by changing food types consumed and reducing portion sizes. The stress participants experienced impacted their ability to self-regulate their diet. They reported overeating or appetite suppression during stressful periods. Stress also affected cognitive responses by compromising healthy decision-making and instigating negative emotional reactions. Overall, stress complicated participants’ ability to properly engage in recommended behaviors by negatively impacting participants’ behavioral self-regulation and cognitive processes.

Conclusions

Stress affects behavioral and cognitive progresses that adversely alters primarily dietary behaviors. Tailored plans acknowledging the impact of stress and providing coping and supportive help for dealing with stress may enhance engagement in healthy behaviors for Latinos with prediabetes.

中文翻译：

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压力反应对患有糖尿病前期的拉丁裔成年人的饮食和身体活动行为的影响

摘要

目标

拉丁美洲人患 2 型糖尿病 (T2D) 的风险很高。糖尿病前期是 T2D 的主要危险因素；然而，通过健康行为可以减缓 T2D 的进展。压力会阻碍健康行为。使用定性方法来了解患有前驱糖尿病的拉丁裔如何尝试改变饮食和身体活动行为以减缓 T2D 的进展，以及压力如何影响他们对这些行为的参与。

设计

对北卡罗来纳州 20 名患有糖尿病前期的拉丁美洲人进行了半结构化访谈。参与者被问到有关他们经历的压力类型以及压力如何影响他们的健康的问题。我们生成了关于压力和压力反应的代码，并使用内容分析来组织参与者之间和内部的代码。

结果

糖尿病前期诊断后行为发生改变。很少有参与者报告改变了他们的身体活动，然而，所有参与者都试图通过改变所消耗的食物类型和减少份量来改变他们的饮食模式。参与者经历的压力影响了他们自我调节饮食的能力。他们报告说，在压力时期会暴饮暴食或抑制食欲。压力还会影响健康的决策并引发负面情绪反应，从而影响认知反应。总体而言，通过对参与者的行为自我调节和认知过程产生负面影响，强调复杂的参与者正确参与推荐行为的能力。

结论

压力会影响行为和认知进展，主要对饮食行为产生不利影响。承认压力影响并提供应对压力和支持性帮助的定制计划可能会增强患有糖尿病前期的拉丁美洲人对健康行为的参与。