We compared the sedimentary provenance signature of modern river sediments collected from 14 different rivers entering the Pannonian Basin. The Pannonian Basin is one of the largest sedimentary basins of Europe filled up by multiple potential sediment sources. However, the contribution of individual source areas is unknown and complex basin-fill mixtures can only be disentangled by the knowledge of more simple mixtures such as modern river sediments. Our goal was to obtain a multi-parameter dataset about modern river sediments and potential source areas as well as to identify effects that can modify primary signatures, such as recycling. We simultaneously applied zircon and apatite fission-track detrital thermochronology (ZFT and AFT, respectively), heavy mineral analysis (HMA) via automated Raman spectroscopy and fine gravel petrography (FGP). ZFT ages cover a broader age range and show more significant dissimilarities between different rivers, than the AFT ages that mostly record the latest, Neogene cooling event of the source areas. On the other hand, heavy mineral spectra can be roughly subdivided into metamorphic, igneous and recycled signatures. Based on the amount of ultrastable minerals and the areal extent of different sedimentary reservoirs in each catchment, we can also estimate their relative contribution to recycling. Furthermore, simultaneous application of heavy mineral analysis and thermochronology with proper statistical treatment enables to distinguish specific source areas and mixed sedimentary signatures. The results provide a methodological basis for future reconstructions of tectonic and climate-based changes in the source area from mixed basin-fill sediments on a million-year scale.

我们比较了从进入Pannonian盆地的14条不同河流收集的现代河流沉积物的沉积物源特征。潘诺尼亚盆地是欧洲最大的沉积盆地之一，被多个潜在的沉积物源所充满。但是，单个源区的贡献是未知的，复杂的盆地填充物混合物只能通过了解更简单的混合物（例如现代河底沉积物）才能解决。我们的目标是获得有关现代河流沉积物和潜在源区的多参数数据集，并确定可以修改主要特征（例如回收利用）的影响。我们同时应用了锆石和磷灰石裂变径迹碎屑热年代学（分别为ZFT和AFT），重矿物分析（HMA）（通过自动拉曼光谱法）和细砾石学（FGP）。与AFT年龄相比，ZFT年龄涵盖的年龄范围更广，并且在不同河流之间显示出更大的相似性，而AFT年龄则主要记录了源区的最新新近冷却事件。另一方面，重矿物光谱可以粗略地分为变质，火成岩和再循环特征。根据超稳定矿物质的数量以及每个流域不同沉积物储集层的面积，我们还可以估算它们对循环利用的相对贡献。此外，将重矿物分析和热年代学与适当的统计处理方法同时使用，可以区分特定的源区和混合的沉积特征。