In this study, a traction double-row fully automatic transplanter was designed to improve the transplanting efficiency and automation of vegetable plug seedlings. Special attention was given to the designing of specific key components of the fully automatic transplanter. It is primarily composed of the following specialized devices: seedling feeding, combing, inserting ejecting-type seedling extraction, plate turning, seedling conveyer, seedling separation, double-crank five-bar planting, and empty tray recovery. The displacement, velocity, and acceleration equations of the double-crank five-bar planting mechanism were established to achieve zero-speed planting. A touch screen-programmable logic controller (TS-PLC) control system, power distribution system, pneumatic system, and mechanical transmission system were designed in detail. Closed-loop controlling stepper motors, a DC geared motor, and cylinders were used to drive the devices. The comprehensive performance of the fully automatic transplanter was tested on dry land with the performance index of the qualified transplanting rate, missed transplanting rate, replanting rate, lodging rate, buried seedling rate, exposed plug rate, and injured seedling rate. The experimental results showed that when the planting frequency was 80 plants/(min·row), the qualified transplanting rate was 92.08%, the missed planting rate was 3.61%, the replanting rate was 2.92%, the lodging rate was 0.42%, the buried seedling rate was 0.28%, the exposed plug rate was 0.42%, and the injured seedling rate was 0.28%. All indicators met the performance requirements of vegetable field transplantation on dry land. Under the control of the TS-PLC control system, the devices of the fully automatic transplanter coordinated and cooperated at high speed to automatically perform the procedures of automatic seedling feeding, extracting, conveying, separating, planting, suppressing, and empty tray recovery.

在这项研究中，设计了一种牵引式双排全自动插秧机，以提高蔬菜穴盘苗的插秧效率和自动化程度。特别注意了全自动移栽机特定关键部件的设计。它主要由以下专用设备组成：育苗，精梳，插入弹出式育苗提取，转盘，育苗输送机，育苗分离，双曲柄五杆种植和空托盘回收。建立了双曲柄五连杆种植机构的位移，速度和加速度方程，以实现零速种植。详细设计了触摸屏可编程逻辑控制器（TS-PLC）控制系统，配电系统，气动系统和机械传动系统。闭环控制步进电机，直流减速电机和气缸用于驱动设备。在合格的移栽率，漏播率，补植率，倒伏率，埋苗率，裸穴率和裸苗率等性能指标上，对旱地综合性能进行了测试。试验结果表明，当播种频率为80株/（min·row）时，合格移栽率为92.08％，漏播率为3.61％，补植率为2.92％，倒伏率为0.42％，埋地苗率为0.28％，裸露苗率为0.42％，受伤苗率为0.28％。所有指标均满足旱地蔬菜田移植的性能要求。