Vehicular networks are considered as one of the most pertinent research topics in intelligent transportation systems and anchors for future smart city environment due to the ability to provide road safety and precautionary measures for the drivers and passengers. Due to the characteristics of vehicular networks, security, privacy, and trust management are challenging issues. Blockchain is an emerging decentralized and distributed computing platform that facilitates recording and tracking resources without the need for the centralized trusted authority. Therefore, the potential for security improvements in vehicular networks is enormous. The paper aims to review, classify, and discuss a range of the proposed models in blockchain-based vehicular networks. We presented summary comparisons of the available models with their main features and objectives regarding security, privacy preservation, and trust management. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper that provides a survey on blockchain-based solutions for security services’ improvements in vehicular networks.

由于能够为驾驶员和乘客提供道路安全和预防措施，车辆网络被认为是智能交通系统中最相关的研究主题之一，也是未来智能城市环境的基础。由于车载网络的特性，安全性，隐私和信任管理是具有挑战性的问题。区块链是新兴的分散式和分布式计算平台，无需集中的受信任权限即可促进资源的记录和跟踪。因此，车载网络中提高安全性的潜力是巨大的。本文旨在审查，分类和讨论在基于区块链的车辆网络中提出的一系列模型。我们介绍了可用模型的摘要比较，以及它们在安全性，隐私保护和信任管理方面的主要特征和目标。就我们所知，这是第一篇针对基于区块链的解决方案进行调查的论文，以改善车载网络中的安全服务。