With the support of wireless network, tourists in tourism areas could enjoy various tourism information search and smart tourism–related services. However, due to the limited capacity of wireless networks, in peaking seasons, tourism area crowding in local areas could result in emergency and temporary wireless network congestion. While increasing infrastructure investment (e.g., densifying base stations) is desiring for peak seasons, it can be a waste of resource for significantly shrunk tourist arrival in off seasons. In response to the temporary network congestion offloading demand, this paper proposes an on-demand coverage solution based on unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) base stations. Firstly, taking the air-to-ground channel characteristic into account, we define the effective coverage radius, based on which the optimal altitude of UAV BS is derived. Then, to tackle the inherent challenge of irregular tourist distribution issue in tourism areas, an automatic UAV BS deployment algorithm is designed to determine the minimal number of UAV BSs and their two-dimensional coordinates simultaneously. Simulation results show that the proposed solution could realize efficient UAV BS on-demand deployment.

在无线网络的支持下，旅游区的游客可以享受各种旅游信息搜索和与旅游相关的智能服务。但是，由于无线网络的容量有限，在旺季，旅游区在当地的拥挤可能会导致紧急和临时的无线网络拥塞。尽管在高峰季节需要增加基础设施投资（例如，致密化基站），但可能会浪费资源，使旅游淡季的游客人数大大减少。针对临时的网络拥塞卸载需求，本文提出了一种基于无人机的基站按需覆盖解决方案。首先，考虑到空对地信道特征，我们定义有效覆盖半径，以此为基础得出无人机的最佳高度。然后，为了解决旅游区中不规则游客分布问题的固有挑战，设计了一种自动UAV BS部署算法来同时确定最少数量的UAV BS及其二维坐标。仿真结果表明，所提出的解决方案可以实现高效的无人机按需部署。