Seismic signals are usually generated during landslides or movement of soil mass due to collisions and friction among the soil particles and masses. The seismic signals will be different when different sliding (movement) types occur. This study discusses the landslide process and seismic signals produced by soil ruptures to understand the nature of the signals, which could help in predicting landslides as well as understanding different landslide processes. Physical model tests were performed to record the seismic signals generated during the sliding processes. The self-potential (SP), pore water pressure (PP), and volumetric water content (VWC) were also measured to assist the interpretation of the failure processes. Based on the characteristics of the seismic signals recorded, three slide types were identified: intermittent slide, successive slide, and single slide. Precursor signals prior to the single slide event were found in both the seismic and SP signals and therefore the monitoring of these two kinds of precursors has the potential for real-world application in landslide prewarning. In addition, the landslide areas of the tests were correlated with Arias intensities (I_A) in a linear relationship. The relationship has the potential to be implemented in estimating a landslide’s scale for a fast landslide response decision.

地震信号通常是在滑坡或土壤团块运动期间由于土壤颗粒和团块之间的碰撞和摩擦而产生的。当发生不同的滑动（运动）类型时，地震信号将有所不同。这项研究讨论了滑坡过程和土壤破裂产生的地震信号，以了解信号的性质，这有助于预测滑坡以及了解不同的滑坡过程。进行了物理模型测试，以记录在滑动过程中产生的地震信号。还测量了自势（SP），孔隙水压力（PP）和体积水含量（VWC），以帮助解释破坏过程。根据记录的地震信号的特征，确定了三种滑动类型：间歇性滑动，连续幻灯片和单张幻灯片。在地震和SP信号中都发现了单个滑动事件之前的前兆信号，因此，对这两种前兆的监视具有在滑坡预警中的实际应用的潜力。此外，测试的滑坡面积与Arias强度相关（I _A）成线性关系。该关系有可能在为快速滑坡响应决策而估算滑坡的规模时实现。