Unpaved roads make up at least 14 million kilometers of the worldwide road network. Although investigations of road runoff often are focused on paved roads, unpaved roads contribute large volumes of runoff to roadside aquatic habitats and introduce unique constituents to runoff, such as chemical dust suppressants. At least 200 products across five chemical categories are commercially available for road dust suppression and are typically applied at rates up to 4.5 L/m². Many of these products are poorly described and are lacking basic information on environmental transport, fate, and potential toxicity to roadside organisms. We characterized the aquatic toxicity of 27 commercially available dust control products, including 13 biobased products from the U.S. Department of Agriculture BioPreferred catalog, using juvenile rainbow trout. Acute toxicity varied by more than 1000-fold among products, with 96-h LC50 values ranging from 1.7 to > 16,000 mg/L. Toxicity was not well-predicted by product category. Testing with selected products after simulated weathering under UV radiation did not provide evidence of photoenhanced toxicity. Additional tests with freshwater mussels, juvenile crayfish, pond snails, and amphibian larvae indicated that juvenile rainbow trout were reasonable surrogates for these organisms for a subset of products. This effort represents one of the first comparative studies of dust suppressant toxicity and provides important information for assessing risk to aquatic resources from a widely used but understudied class of contaminants in road runoff.

未铺砌的道路占全球道路网络的至少 1400 万公里。尽管对道路径流的调查通常集中在铺砌的道路上，但未铺砌的道路会为路边的水生栖息地贡献大量径流，并在径流中引入独特的成分，例如化学抑尘剂。至少有 200 种涵盖五个化学类别的产品可用于道路粉尘抑制，通常以高达 4.5 L/m ^{2的速率应用}. 其中许多产品描述不充分，缺乏关于环境运输、归宿和对路边生物的潜在毒性的基本信息。我们使用幼虹鳟鱼对 27 种市售粉尘控制产品的水生毒性进行了表征，其中包括美国农业部 BioPreferred 目录中的 13 种生物基产品。产品之间的急性毒性差异超过 1000 倍，96 小时 LC50 值范围为 1.7 至 > 16,000 mg/L。产品类别不能很好地预测毒性。在紫外线辐射下模拟风化后对选定产品进行的测试未提供光增强毒性的证据。对淡水贻贝、小龙虾、池塘蜗牛的附加测试，和两栖动物的幼虫表明，幼年虹鳟鱼是这些生物体产品子集的合理替代物。这项工作是关于抑尘剂毒性的首批比较研究之一，并为评估道路径流中广泛使用但研究不足的一类污染物对水生资源的风险提供了重要信息。