Abstract

The multienzyme complex system has become a research focus in synthetic biology due to its highly efficient overall catalytic ability and has been applied to various fields. Multienzyme complexes are formed by cascading complexes, which are multiple functionally related enzymes that continuously and efficiently catalyze the production of substrates. Compared with current mainstream microbial cell catalytic systems, in vitro multienzyme molecular machines have many advantages, such as fewer side reactions, a high product yield, a fast reaction speed, easy product separation, a tolerable toxic environment, and robust system operability, showing increasing competitiveness in the field of biomanufacturing. In this review, the research progress of multienzyme complexes in nature and multienzyme cascades in vivo or in vitro will be introduced, and the discovered enzyme cascades concerning scaffolding proteins will also be discussed. This review is expected to provide a more theoretical basis for the modification of multienzyme complexes and broaden their application in the field of synthetic biology.

Key points

• The cascade reactions of some natural multienzyme complexes are reviewed.

• The main approaches of constructing artificial multienzyme complexes are summarized.

• The structure and application of cellulosomes are discussed and prospected.

中文翻译：

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多酶复合物的研究进展及生物技术应用

摘要

由于其高效的整体催化能力，多酶复合物系统已成为合成生物学的研究重点，并已应用于各个领域。多酶复合物是由级联复合物形成的，级联复合物是多种功能相关的酶，可连续有效地催化底物的产生。与目前主流的微生物细胞催化系统相比，体外多酶分子机器具有许多优势，例如副反应更少，产物收率高，反应速度快，产物易于分离，可耐受的毒性环境以及稳健的系统可操作性，显示出越来越高的优势。在生物制造领域的竞争力。本文将介绍自然界中多酶复合物和体内或体外多酶级联反应的研究进展，并且还将讨论与支架蛋白有关的发现的酶级联反应。预期该综述将为多酶复合物的修饰提供更多的理论基础，并拓宽其在合成生物学领域的应用。

关键点

•审查了一些天然多酶复合物的级联反应。

•总结了构建人工多酶复合物的主要方法。

•讨论并展望了纤维素的结构和应用。