This study examines how nonverbal behavior in the form of conversational distance and volume impacts bystanders’ perceptions of bullying. After watching a bullying scenario on video, participants completed measures regarding their perceptions of the bully, victim, and intentions to intervene. The results revealed an interaction between distance and volume for perceptions of the bully and victim. When they spoke in a normal conversing volume (i.e., 65 decibels), bullies were perceived to be weaker when they stood closer to victims (i.e., 18 inches apart) than when they stood further away (i.e., 4 feet). Victims were perceived as stronger when bullies stood closer and spoke at a normal volume.

中文翻译：

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非语言霸王：喊叫和对话距离对旁观者感知的影响

这项研究探讨了对话距离和音量形式的非语言行为如何影响旁观者的欺凌观念。在观看了视频中的欺凌场景后，参与者完成了有关他们对欺凌，受害者和干预意图的看法的措施。结果显示，距离和体积之间存在相互作用，可以感知欺凌者和受害者。当他们以正常的通话量（即65分贝）说话时，欺凌者被认为更靠近受害者（即相距18英寸）比站立得更远（即4英尺）时更弱。当欺凌者站近并以正常音量说话时，被害人被认为更强大。