As digital automation expands across social contexts, the way in which legal systems respond when algorithms produce lies and hate presents a pressing policy problem. Search results, autofill suggestions, and intelligent personal assistants generate seemingly objective information for users in order to be helpful, efficient or fun but, as social technologies, can also produce prejudicial and false content. Chatbots and trending lists have made headlines for quickly being transformed from sweet to spiteful and political to inaccurate. As humans progressively engage with and rely on machine communication, the legality of algorithmically created information that harms the reputation or dignity of an individual, entity or group is a policy question posed and answered differently around the world. This article compares various defamation and hate speech laws through the lens of algorithmic content production – mean machine communication – and presents a set of outstanding issues that will require international and interdisciplinary attention.

中文翻译：

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消除僵尸程序：卑鄙的机器交流的全球，法律和政治问题

随着数字自动化在社会环境中的发展，当算法产生谎言和仇恨时，法律系统的响应方式提出了紧迫的政策问题。搜索结果，自动填充建议以及智能的个人助理会为用户提供看似客观的信息，以帮助他们，使其高效或有趣，但作为社交技术，它还会产生偏见和虚假内容。聊天机器人和趋势列表已成为头条新闻，很快就从甜美变为恶意，从政治变为不准确。随着人类逐渐参与并依赖于机器通信，以算法创建的信息的合法性会损害个人，实体或团体的声誉或尊严，这是世界范围内提出和回答的政策问题。