International controversies involving mass-mediated caricatures and parodies of religion provided an opportunity to compare and contrast how courts in the United States and France manage the tensions between advertising parody of religion, defamation, and freedom of expression. This article carried out a comparative analysis of the regulation of advertising parodies of religion under American and French law, using as a comparative case study two landmark cases, Hustler Magazine v. Falwell, and Association Croyances et Libértés v. Marithé et François Girbaud, decided by the Supreme Courts of the United States and France. Advertising parodies of religious icons are permissible under the copyright and free speech regimes of both countries. However, parody is not always a laughing matter. Although the legal systems of the United States and France are different in a number of respects, the outcomes of the legal disputes over advertising parodies of religion demonstrate a “similarity in difference” comparative model that explains the workings of both systems and is useful for promoting freedom of expression at the international level.

中文翻译：

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模仿神圣：美国和法国的广告模仿，宗教和言论自由

涉及大众传播的讽刺漫画和宗教模仿的国际争议提供了一个机会，可以比较和对比美国和法国的法院如何处理广告宣传模仿，诽谤和言论自由之间的紧张关系。本文对美国和法国法律对宗教广告模仿的规制进行了比较分析，以两个具有里程碑意义的案例为比较案例，分别是Hustler Magazine诉Falwell案和Association Croyances etLibértés诉MarithéetFrançoisGirbaud案，由美国和法国的最高法院。根据两国的版权和言论自由制度，允许对宗教偶像进行广告模仿。但是，模仿并非总是一件笑话。