ABSTRACT The Revolution of Dignity in Ukraine and its reforms are the topics of Andrii Liubka’s novel Karbid (Carbide, 2015). Employing Voltairean laughter and neo-Gothic aesthetics, Liubka presents the idea of European integration (one of the expected outcomes of the reforms) implemented practically by the corrupt elites of the imagined Transcarpathian town of Vedmediv as a money-laundering enterprise – an underground tunnel for smuggling drugs and people’s organs from Ukraine to Europe. The author proposes that the elites – most of whom are criminals – personify Julia Kristeva’s concept of abjection in the novel and represent social spheres that need reform. Contrary to the Euromaidan goals, these comprador elites desire even stronger borders between Ukraine and the European Union, as these facilitate their shadow economy, and they subject the local population to economic and social decline, turning them into disposable human waste. By applying the concept of abjection in its psychoanalytic and social forms to Liubka’s tragicomic novel, the author argues that his text points to Ukraine’s struggle to define itself as “West” and shed its totalitarian legacy of the Soviet “East,” and brings attention to the conflict between the post-Euromaidan national strivings of Ukraine’s citizens and the rampant corruption that negates their efforts.

中文翻译：

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安德里·刘布卡（Andrii Liubka）的硬质合金：通过墨镜进行的乌克兰民主改革

摘要乌克兰的“尊严革命”及其改革是安德烈·柳布卡（Andrii Liubka）的小说《卡比德》（Karbid，2015年）的主题。Liubka利用伏尔泰人的笑声和新哥特式美学，提出了欧洲一体化的理念（改革的预期成果之一），该理念实际上是由想象中的跨喀尔巴阡山脉的Vedmediv镇的腐败精英实施的，作为洗钱企业–一条通向地下的地下隧道从乌克兰到欧洲走私毒品和人民器官。作者提出，精英人物（其中大多数是罪犯）是小说中茱莉亚·克里斯蒂娃（Julia Kristeva）的“弃绝”概念的代表，并代表了需要改革的社会领域。与欧洲卖淫主义者的目标相反，这些买办机构的精英们希望乌克兰与欧盟之间的边界更加牢固，因为它们促进了影子经济的发展，他们使当地人口遭受经济和社会衰落，使他们变成可丢弃的人类废物。通过将以心理分析和社会形式表示的否定概念运用到刘布卡的悲剧小说中，作者认为，他的文字指向乌克兰为将自己定义为“西方”而进行的斗争，摆脱了苏联“东方”的极权主义遗产，并引起了人们的关注。欧盟公民后的欧洲民族奋斗与乌克兰公民之间猖corruption的腐败之间的冲突使他们的努力受到了否定。