ABSTRACT With the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) now appearing as if it has lost the ability to control territory and many of its members fleeing the region, the Canadian government must now address the possibility of citizens who have become “foreign fighters” returning home, radicalized and prepared to commit acts of terror. This compels officials from Public Safety Canada to ask important questions about who these radicals are, what they will do next, and what can be done to protect Canadians if they come home. This paper reviews the international and domestic legal framework as applied in Canada and discusses how authorities are seeking to apply the law to returning foreign fighters. The paper then inquiries into the legal implications of returning foreign fighters. It is contended that while Canada’s legal system offers an adequate response for the time being, it does not guarantee security and may have significant loopholes which could constrain its application. To counter this, authorities must continue to develop and adapt broader policy approaches in order to deal with an undefined and emerging threat.

中文翻译：

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返回的外国战士：法律和对加拿大国家安全政策的影响

摘要 随着伊拉克和黎凡特伊斯兰国 (ISIL) 现在似乎失去了控制领土的能力，许多成员逃离该地区，加拿大政府现在必须解决公民成为“外国战士”的可能性。 ”回到家乡，变得激进并准备实施恐怖行为。这迫使加拿大公共安全部门的官员提出一些重要问题，这些激进分子是谁，他们下一步将做什么，以及如果他们回家可以采取什么措施来保护加拿大人。本文回顾了适用于加拿大的国际和国内法律框架，并讨论了当局如何将法律适用于返回的外国战斗人员。该报随后调查了归国外国战士的法律影响。其辩称，虽然加拿大的法律体系暂时提供了足够的回应，但它并不能保证安全，并且可能存在重大漏洞，从而限制其适用。为了应对这种情况，当局必须继续制定和调整更广泛的政策方法，以应对未定义和新出现的威胁。