ABSTRACT Landscape is often thought of as the materialization of memory, fixing social and individual histories in space. It is a meaningfully constituted physical and social environment whereby meaning is ascribed through people’s engagement and experience. As people creates, modifies, and moves through a spatial environment, the mediation between spatial experience andperception spontaneously creates, legitimizes, and reinforces social relationships and ideas. The embodiment of social memories in landscapes is crucial to how people perceive and understand the world around them through daily experience and dwelling. This research uses two Paiwan tribes, Laiyi and Kaushi, and their abandoned settlement sites to explore the Paiwan landscape and investigate how perception and experience facilitates the creation and maintenance of social memory. With the help of geographical information systems (GIS), this research demonstrates how perception influences the experience and the shaping of Paiwanlandscapes. The results suggest that, although the two tribes use the landscape differently, they both maintain the same coherent and core Paiwan concept, that of ‘Returning’. Furthermore, social memory of Paiwan is transmitted and passed on both at the settlement and at the household scale whereby the core concept of ‘returning to the ancestors’ are manifested differently in local regions.

中文翻译：

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山水与祖先：排湾景观与社会记忆

摘要景观通常被认为是记忆的物质化，将社会和个人历史固定在空间中。它是一个有意义地构成的物理和社会环境，通过人们的参与和经验赋予意义。当人们创造、修改和穿越空间环境时，空间体验和感知之间的中介自发地创造、合法化和强化社会关系和观念。景观中社会记忆的体现对于人们如何通过日常体验和居住来感知和理解周围的世界至关重要。本研究使用两个排湾部落，莱伊和考什，以及他们废弃的定居点来探索排湾景观，并调查感知和体验如何促进社会记忆的创造和维持。在地理信息系统 (GIS) 的帮助下，这项研究展示了感知如何影响排湾景观的体验和塑造。结果表明，虽然两个部落对景观的使用不同，但他们都保持着相同的连贯和核心排湾概念，即“回归”。此外，排湾的社会记忆在聚居地和家庭尺度上都在传递和传递，“返祖”的核心理念在各地表现不同。那个'回归'。此外，排湾的社会记忆在聚居地和家庭尺度上都在传递和传递，“返祖”的核心理念在各地表现不同。那个'回归'。再者，排湾的社会记忆在聚居地和家庭尺度上都在传递和传承，“返祖”的核心理念在各地的表现也不尽相同。