ABSTRACT

From a long-term perspective, a Gramscian analytical approach can help us have a better reading of revolutionary processes in MENA countries, expecially if we consider them as the apical moment of a political crisis, originating in the mid-1970s. The most useful Gramscian concepts for this kind of analysis are ‘hegemony’ and ‘civil society’, obviously connected with other categories such as ‘organic/traditional intellectual’ or ‘revolution/passive revolution’, or even ‘modern prince’. Egypt and Tunisia, for their importance in the context of the so called ‘Arab Spring’ but also because they are the first Arab countries in which Gramsci’s knowledge has spread at the beginning of the 1970s, offer very interesting case studies. By comparing by a Gramscian approach some Arab reflections in the 1970s and the ones interpreting 2011 upheavals and their complex and often dramatic consequences, it is possible to demonstrate how a Gramscian analysis can be useful in this ongoing, not yet concluded debate.

摘要

从长远来看，葛兰西分析方法可以帮助我们更好地理解 MENA 国家的革命进程，特别是如果我们将它们视为起源于 1970 年代中期的政治危机的顶点。对于这种分析，最有用的葛兰西概念是“霸权”和“公民社会”，显然与“有机/传统知识分子”或“革命/被动革命”，甚至“现代王子”等其他类别有关。埃及和突尼斯，因为它们在所谓的“阿拉伯之春”的背景下的重要性，而且因为它们是葛兰西的知识在 1970 年代初传播的第一批阿拉伯国家，提供了非常有趣的案例研究。