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Evaluating sea-level rise hazards on coastal archaeological sites, Trinity Bay, Texas
The Journal of Island and Coastal Archaeology ( IF 1.4 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-17 , DOI: 10.1080/15564894.2019.1701149
Patrick Elliott 1 , Harry Williams 1
Affiliation  

Abstract

This study uses the Sea Levels Affecting Marshes Model (SLAMM) to evaluate sea-level-rise hazards of erosion and inundation, on coastal archaeological sites in Trinity Bay, Texas. The SLAMM model was used to simulate the effects of a 1.5-m sea-level rise in the study area from 2006 to 2100. The model incorporated 177 archaeological sites, wetland categories, marsh accretion, wave erosion and surface elevation change. Modeling indicates that about 5,500 hectares of marshlands will undergo large-scale conversion to unvegetated tidal flats or open water by 2100. Both accretion and inland migration will be insufficient to prevent large-scale losses of marshlands. Predicted erosion, on a site-by-site basis, is expected to affect 31% of archaeological sites by the end of the century. Predicted periods of inundation of archaeological sites were derived from ten years of tide data from a nearby tide gauge station, using NOAA’s Inundation Analysis Tool. Approximately 55% of archaeological sites in the study area are predicted to be inundated at least half the time by the year 2100. Both inundation and erosion are predicted to have significant detrimental effects on archaeological sites in the study area. The study demonstrates that SLAMM is a useful tool for predicting potential future sea-level rise hazards on coastal cultural resources. Model outputs will be useful to coastal management agencies charged with evaluating impacts of sea-level rise and targeting high-risk sites for mitigation efforts.



中文翻译:

评估德克萨斯州三一湾沿海考古遗址的海平面上升危害

摘要

本研究使用海平面影响沼泽模型 (SLAMM) 来评估德克萨斯州三一湾沿海考古遗址的海平面上升侵蚀和淹没危害。SLAMM模型用于模拟2006年至2100年研究区海平面上升1.5米的影响。该模型整合了177个考古遗址、湿地类别、沼泽堆积、波浪侵蚀和地表高程变化。建模表明,到 2100 年,约有 5,500 公顷的沼泽地将大规模转变为无植被的滩涂或开阔水域。无论是增生还是内陆迁移,都不足以防止沼泽地的大规模流失。到本世纪末,逐个地点的预测侵蚀预计将影响 31% 的考古遗址。使用 NOAA 的淹没分析工具,根据附近潮汐测量站的十年潮汐数据,预测考古遗址的淹没时间。预计到 2100 年,研究区域内大约 55% 的考古遗址至少有一半时间被淹没。预计淹没和侵蚀都会对研究区域的考古遗址产生重大不利影响。该研究表明,SLAMM 是一种有用的工具,可用于预测未来海平面上升对沿海文化资源的潜在危害。模型输出将对负责评估海平面上升影响和针对高风险地点进行缓解工作的沿海管理机构有用。预计到 2100 年,研究区域内大约 55% 的考古遗址至少有一半时间被淹没。预计淹没和侵蚀都会对研究区域的考古遗址产生重大不利影响。该研究表明,SLAMM 是一种有用的工具,可用于预测未来海平面上升对沿海文化资源的潜在危害。模型输出将对负责评估海平面上升影响和针对高风险地点进行缓解工作的沿海管理机构有用。预计到 2100 年,研究区域内大约 55% 的考古遗址至少有一半时间被淹没。预计淹没和侵蚀都会对研究区域的考古遗址产生重大不利影响。该研究表明,SLAMM 是一种有用的工具,可用于预测未来海平面上升对沿海文化资源的潜在危害。模型输出将对负责评估海平面上升影响和针对高风险地点进行缓解工作的沿海管理机构有用。该研究表明,SLAMM 是一种有用的工具,可用于预测未来海平面上升对沿海文化资源的潜在危害。模型输出将对负责评估海平面上升影响和针对高风险地点进行缓解工作的沿海管理机构有用。该研究表明,SLAMM 是一种有用的工具,可用于预测未来海平面上升对沿海文化资源的潜在危害。模型输出将对负责评估海平面上升影响和针对高风险地点进行缓解工作的沿海管理机构有用。

更新日期:2019-12-17
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