Abstract This paper reports the archaeological materials from a unique child burial recently discovered in Tierra del Fuego. Preliminary analyses are consistent with the idea that the burial belongs to the Selk’nam culture. Although the Selk’nam archaeological record is abundant, very little is known about their mortuary practices. In this well-preserved burial, the human remains were accompanied by an unusual set of grave goods, which have not been described in the archaeological literature for this region. Radiocarbon dating places this burial at the beginning of the Post-Columbian period in Tierra del Fuego (331–499 cal BP). Analyses presented herein include information on the sex, diet, and genetics of the child, which provided the first genetic evidence for the presence of mitochondrial sub-haplogroup D1g5 in the Selk’nam population in Tierra de Fuego. We also provide a detailed description of the cultural materials, which include mammal and bird bones and lithic material. This is a unique find because it possesses a wealth of archaeological materials that are previously unknown in the region.

中文翻译：

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火地岛的一种新颖的儿童葬礼：初步报告

摘要本文报道了最近在火地岛发现的一种独特的儿童墓葬的考古材料。初步分析与认为墓葬属于Selk'nam文化的观点一致。尽管Selk'nam的考古记录丰富，但对其葬活动知之甚少。在这个保存完好的墓葬中，人类遗骸伴随着一套不寻常的坟墓，这在该地区的考古文献中没有描述。放射性碳年代测定法将这种埋葬安排在火地岛（Tierra del Fuego）（公元331-499年）后哥伦布时期的开始。本文提供的分析包括有关孩子的性别，饮食和遗传学的信息，它提供了第一个基因证据，证明在火地岛的Selk'nam人群中存在线粒体亚单元群D1g5。我们还提供了有关文化材料的详细说明，其中包括哺乳动物和鸟骨以及石质材料。这是一个独特的发现，因为它拥有该地区以前未知的大量考古资料。