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The Power of Playing Nice: Team Member Exchange in an Academic Setting
The Journal of Continuing Higher Education ( IF 0.8 ) Pub Date : 2019-01-02 , DOI: 10.1080/07377363.2019.1642687
Kimberly A. Rutigliano

Universities are complicated organizations with varying institutional missions and priorities, centralized and decentralized operations, divisions of employee type (staff versus faculty versus contingent employee), and competing affiliations between the institution and the academic or professional discipline on a national, or international, scale. While many in our industry will argue against the corporatization of the academe, and understandably so, I believe it is useful to draw comparative parallels between the research on business culture and organizational behavior to relationships that exist within the academic enterprise. In order to do this, I choose to adopt the position that despite the unique purpose of the academic mission, overall universities function like corporate businesses. Parker (2012) found that “despite regional and national differences, both public and private universities are found to exhibit a global trend towards operating as predominantly market funded commercial organizations” (p. 247). Universities may employ thousands of people in hundreds of internal departments or suborganizations. Like large multilevel corporations, people work in cross-functional teams and collaborate with other departments or divisions. Resources, in terms of human capital, revenue, and information, flow throughout the organization in accordance with systemic constraints as well as the culture of the organization and its subunits. Drawing upon organizational behavior research, team member exchange (TMX) offers one framework to apply the impact of resource flow on relationships in a business setting. TMX research evidences the power of workplace relationships to influence positive business outcomes. Where employees score high on indicators of TMX, researchers found this to be an indicator of highquality working relationships, correlated with improved employee performance ratings and increased measures of job performance, satisfaction, and organizational commitment (Banks et al., 2014; Liden, Wayne, & Sparrowe, 2000). Teams scoring high on the TMX instrument engage in more cooperative communication within the group, which reinforces a sense of group cohesion, both of which impact effective work group performance (Abu Bakar & Sheer, 2013). I found limited references to TMX in the education literature or included in research applied in an academic context, but still propose it can be usefully applied. Three recent studies indicated the promise of bringing this construct into the field because, as Lucas, Voss, and Krumwiede say, “students’ experience with their educational institution may help or hinder their classroom performance, for the same reasons for which employees’ experience with their organizations on this measure affect their motivation and sense of trust in their leadership” (2015, p. 97). Lucas and colleagues’ work created a selfreport tool for students to respond to TMX statements as well as other measures of communication and exchange behavior (2015). In addition, universities are places of employment and function like businesses in that regard. One study did indirectly assess TMX among university faculty and

中文翻译:

玩得好的力量:学术环境中的团队成员交流

大学是复杂的组织,具有不同的机构使命和优先事项、集中和分散的运作、员工类型的划分(员工与教职员工与临时员工)以及机构与国家或国际范围内的学术或专业学科之间相互竞争的隶属关系。虽然我们行业中的许多人会反对学术界的公司化,这是可以理解的,但我相信将商业文化和组织行为的研究与学术企业内部存在的关系进行比较比较是有用的。为了做到这一点,我选择采取这样的立场,即尽管学术使命具有独特的目的,但整体大学的功能就像企业一样。Parker (2012) 发现“尽管存在地区和国家差异,但发现公立和私立大学都表现出作为主要由市场资助的商业组织运营的全球趋势”(第 247 页)。大学可能在数百个内部部门或子组织中雇用数千人。与大型多层次公司一样,人们在跨职能团队中工作并与其他部门或部门协作。就人力资本、收入和信息而言,资源根据系统约束以及组织及其子单位的文化在整个组织中流动。借鉴组织行为研究,团队成员交换 (TMX) 提供了一个框架来应用资源流动对业务环境中关系的影响。TMX 研究证明了工作场所关系对影响积极业务成果的力量。员工在 TMX 指标上得分高的地方,研究人员发现这是高质量工作关系的一个指标,与提高员工绩效评级和增加工作绩效、满意度和组织承诺的衡量标准相关(Banks 等人,2014 年;Liden、Wayne , & Sparrowe, 2000)。在 TMX 工具上得分高的团队会在团队内进行更多的合作交流,从而增强团队凝聚力,这两者都会影响有效的团队绩效(Abu Bakar 和 Sheer,2013 年)。我发现在教育文献中或在学术背景下应用的研究中对 TMX 的引用有限,但仍然认为它可以有用地应用。最近的三项研究表明将这种结构引入该领域是有希望的,因为正如 Lucas、Voss 和 Krumwiede 所说,“学生在教育机构的经历可能有助于或阻碍他们的课堂表现,原因与员工在教育机构的经历相同。他们的组织在这一衡量标准上会影响他们对领导的动力和信任感”(2015 年,第 97 页)。Lucas 及其同事的工作为学生创建了一个自我报告工具,用于回应 TMX 陈述以及其他沟通和交流行为的衡量标准(2015)。此外,在这方面,大学是就业和运作的场所,就像企业一样。一项研究间接评估了大学教职员工和 “学生在其教育机构的经历可能有助于或阻碍他们的课堂表现,原因与员工在其组织中在此衡量标准上的经历会影响他们对领导的动力和信任感的原因相同”(2015,第 97 页)。Lucas 及其同事的工作为学生创建了一个自我报告工具,用于回应 TMX 陈述以及其他沟通和交流行为的衡量标准(2015)。此外,在这方面,大学是就业和运作的场所,就像企业一样。一项研究间接评估了大学教职员工和 “学生在其教育机构的经历可能有助于或阻碍他们的课堂表现,原因与员工在其组织中在此衡量标准上的经历会影响他们对领导的动力和信任感的原因相同”(2015,第 97 页)。Lucas 及其同事的工作为学生创建了一个自我报告工具,用于回应 TMX 陈述以及其他沟通和交流行为的衡量标准(2015)。此外,在这方面,大学是就业和运作的场所,就像企业一样。一项研究间接评估了大学教职员工和 Lucas 及其同事的工作为学生创建了一个自我报告工具,用于回应 TMX 陈述以及其他沟通和交流行为的衡量标准(2015)。此外,在这方面,大学是就业和运作的场所,就像企业一样。一项研究间接评估了大学教职员工和 Lucas 及其同事的工作为学生创建了一个自我报告工具,用于回应 TMX 陈述以及其他沟通和交流行为的衡量标准(2015)。此外,在这方面,大学是就业和运作的场所,就像企业一样。一项研究间接评估了大学教职员工和
更新日期:2019-01-02
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