ABSTRACT This essay identifies four performance frames tour guides employ to orient tourists to the site. Each frame is presented through a composite character, constructed through participant observation of over 60 guided tours at Masada National Park in Israel. Guides can tell intimate stories, directing tourists towards the guide’s ideological vision of the site; they can engage in activist rhetoric, moving tourists to act; they can create ritual-like activities, inspiring tourists to remain culturally connected to the site; and they can encourage dialogue and discussion, compelling tourists to critically assess their relationship to the site.

中文翻译：

---

导游表演：构建旅游体验的四种模式

摘要 本文确定了导游用来引导游客到现场的四种表演框架。每个框架都通过一个复合角色呈现，通过参与观察以色列马萨达国家公园的 60 多个导游而构建。导游可以讲述亲密的故事，引导游客走向导游对场地的意识形态视野；他们可以进行激进的言论，促使游客采取行动；他们可以创造类似仪式的活动，激励游客与现场保持文化联系；他们可以鼓励对话和讨论，迫使游客批判性地评估他们与该网站的关系。