ABSTRACT Despite external and domestic pressures seeking liberalization and privatization, Ethiopia, until recently, maintained a highly centralized, vertically integrated, single service provider model of state monopoly of telecommunications. However, in 2019, the Ethiopian House of Representatives passed the Communications Service Proclamation, a historic bill that deregulated the Ethiopian telecommunications sector, paving the way for domestic and foreign companies to invest in one of the last remaining state-controlled telecommunications markets in the world. By probing the limitations of Ethiopia’s monopolistic arrangement in telecommunications akin to state vanguardism as well as critically examining the potential pitfalls of the impending liberalization of the sector and privatization of the sole telecommunication operator Ethio-Telecom, this article makes the case for instituting a commons-based approach that is pro-poor, pro-development, and contextually streamlined. It concludes by proposing three avenues of telecommunication commons, namely: infrastructure commons; last mile commons; and digital commons.

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超越国家先锋主义和市场原教旨主义：埃塞俄比亚电信公地的案例

摘要 尽管存在寻求自由化和私有化的外部和国内压力，埃塞俄比亚直到最近仍保持着高度集中、垂直整合、单一服务提供商的国家垄断电信模式。然而，2019 年，埃塞俄比亚众议院通过了《通信服务公告》，这是一项历史性法案，解除了埃塞俄比亚电信部门的管制，为国内外公司投资世界上仅存的国家控制的电信市场之一铺平了道路. 通过探讨埃塞俄比亚类似国家先锋主义的电信垄断安排的局限性，并批判性地审查该行业即将自由化和唯一电信运营商 Ethio-Telecom 私有化的潜在陷阱，本文提出了建立一种有利于穷人、有利于发展和上下文简化的基于公地的方法的理由。最后提出了三种电信公地途径，即：基础设施公地；最后一英里公共场所；和数字公地。