ABSTRACT Previous studies conclude that governments fulfill a large share of their campaign pledges. However, only a minority of voters believe that politicians try to keep their promises, and many voters struggle to recall the fulfillment or breaking of salient campaign pledges accurately. I argue that this disparity between the public perception and empirical evidence is influenced by the information voters receive throughout the electoral cycle. I expect that the media extensively inform readers about political promises. In addition, I posit that news outlets focus more on broken than on fulfilled promises and that the focus on broken promises has increased over time. I find strong support for these expectations based on a new text corpus of over 430,000 statements on political commitments published between 1979 and 2017 in 22 newspapers during 33 electoral cycles in Australia, Canada, Ireland, and the United Kingdom. Newspapers inform voters regularly about announced, broken, and fulfilled promises. Yet, across the four countries, newspapers report at least twice as much on broken than on fulfilled promises. Moreover, this negativity bias in reports on political promises has increased substantively. The results have implications for studying campaign promises, negative information in mass media, and the linkages between voters and parties.

中文翻译：

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整个选举周期中竞选承诺的媒体报道

摘要 先前的研究得出结论，政府履行了大部分竞选承诺。然而，只有少数选民认为政客会努力信守承诺，许多选民难以准确回忆起重要的竞选承诺的兑现或违背情况。我认为，公众认知和经验证据之间的这种差异受到选民在整个选举周期中收到的信息的影响。我希望媒体广泛地向读者通报政治承诺。此外，我认为新闻媒体更多地关注兑现的承诺，而不是兑现的承诺，并且随着时间的推移，对兑现承诺的关注度有所增加。我发现基于超过 430 个新文本语料库的这些期望得到了强有力的支持，000 份关于 1979 年至 2017 年间在澳大利亚、加拿大、爱尔兰和英国 33 个选举周期期间在 22 家报纸上发表的政治承诺声明。报纸定期向选民通报已宣布、违背和兑现的承诺。然而，在这四个国家，报纸报道的兑现承诺至少是兑现承诺的两倍。此外，有关政治承诺的报告中的这种消极偏见已大大增加。结果对研究竞选承诺、大众媒体中的负面信息以及选民与政党之间的联系具有重要意义。报纸上报道的兑现承诺至少是兑现承诺的两倍。此外，有关政治承诺的报告中的这种消极偏见已大大增加。结果对研究竞选承诺、大众媒体中的负面信息以及选民与政党之间的联系具有重要意义。报纸上报道的兑现承诺至少是兑现承诺的两倍。此外，有关政治承诺的报告中的这种消极偏见已大大增加。结果对研究竞选承诺、大众媒体中的负面信息以及选民与政党之间的联系具有重要意义。