Domesticated dogs (Canis familiaris) were an important resource for many indigenous groups, including Plains peoples. Plains people used dogs for hauling materials, as camp or village warning systems, as sources of food, and as ritual participants. The identification of domestic Plains dogs is complicated by their wolf-like body size, and from hybridization with Canis lupus and Canis latrans, which also appear in the archaeological record. By combining stable carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen isotope analyses with geometric morphometric studies of canid mandibles and lower teeth from Plains Village sites in North Dakota, this article presents a methodology for differentiating wild and domestic canids. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

中文翻译：

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狼什么时候是狗？结合几何形态计量学和稳定同位素分析在北部平原区分野生犬科动物和家犬科动物

家养狗（Canis熟悉）是许多土著群体的重要资源，包括平原人民。平原人使用狗来运输材料，作为营地或村庄的警报系统，作为食物的来源，以及作为仪式参与者。由于它们像狼一样的体型，以及与 Canis lupus 和 Canis latrans 的杂交，鉴定家养平原犬变得复杂，这也出现在考古记录中。通过将稳定的碳、氮和氧同位素分析与北达科他州平原村遗址的犬科动物下颌骨和下牙的几何形态测量研究相结合，本文提出了一种区分野生犬科动物和家犬科动物的方法。图形概要