Abstract In this essay I distinguish categories of animals by their mental capacities. I then discuss whether punishment can be appropriate for animals of each category, and if so what form punishment may appropriately take for animals of each category. The aim is to illuminate each type of punishment through comparison and contrast with the others. This both forestalls the overintellectualization of punishment which arises from viewing humans as the only paradigm case and forestalls the underintellectualization of human punishment which results from making no essential reference, in an account of human punishment, to the human capacity for specifically critical reasoning.

中文翻译：

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动物惩罚与责任条件

摘要在本文中，我通过智力能力来区分动物的类别。然后，我将讨论惩罚是否适用于每个类别的动物，如果适用，惩罚可能适用于每种类别的动物。目的是通过与其他类型的比较和对比来阐明每种类型的惩罚。这既防止了将人类视为唯一的范例案例而导致的过度刑罚化，也防止了由于没有将人类刑罚充分提及人的特定批判性推理能力而导致的人类刑罚的低化。