ABSTRACT The aim of this paper is to critically examine the axiom of Cooper and McLeod that the person-centered approach should incorporate pluralistic practices based on clients’ goals and wants. First, we examine Cooper and McLeod’s argument that the uniqueness of clients means that therapeutic work should orientate around helping clients to identify what they want and how to achieve it. Second, we examine their position that the theories that the therapist may hold about therapeutic change should be subordinate to the client’s specific wants and needs. Finally, we consider their assertion that there is a need to reconceptualize person-centered theory with a pluralistic framework. The person-centered approach has its own unique ontological position based on a trust in the actualizing tendency of all organisms. If by pluralism Cooper and McLeod are proposing ontological eclecticism, then this is fundamentally incompatible with the person-centered approach. In terms of method, the person-centered approach was already pluralistic; if this is what Cooper and McLeod mean by pluralistic, then what they are proposing is simply old wine in a new bottle.

中文翻译：

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不必要和不相容：对 Cooper 和 McLeod 的以人为中心的治疗多元化框架概念化的批判性回应

摘要 本文的目的是批判性地检验 Cooper 和 McLeod 的公理，即以人为本的方法应该结合基于客户目标和需求的多元化实践。首先，我们检查 Cooper 和 McLeod 的论点，即客户的独特性意味着治疗工作应该围绕帮助客户确定他们想要什么以及如何实现它。其次，我们检查他们的立场，即治疗师可能持有的关于治疗改变的理论应该从属于来访者的特定需求。最后，我们考虑他们的断言，即需要用多元框架重新定义以人为中心的理论。以人为中心的方法有其独特的本体论立场，它基于对所有生物体的实现趋势的信任。如果库珀和麦克劳德通过多元主义提出本体论折衷主义，那么这与以人为中心的方法根本不相容。在方法上，以人为本的方法已经是多元的；如果这就是 Cooper 和 McLeod 所说的多元化，那么他们提出的只是新瓶装旧酒。