The optimists among us would like to believe that in the twenty-first century humanity has come of age and recognizes the universality of misery and the need to rapidly and effectively alleviate it. Anguish is genderless, has no faith, is devoid of culture and lacks racial characteristics. Such a perspective, this reaffirming idealism, has been crucial to the development of modern human rights law and the underpinning of numerous non-governmental organizations. It reverberates each time someone utters the phrase “never again.” The ultimate expression of that spirit is rendering a helping hand and, when necessary, granting asylum to those fleeing war and environmental catastrophes Sadly, popular and government responses to contemporary disasters and their victims illustrate the prevalence of a rather different mindset. Involuntary migrants are commonly branded economic and security threats to the national order. A non-issue, their suffering is brushed aside. But immigrants, voluntary and otherwise, are in good company, in a manner of speaking. Not only is xenophobia flagrantly displayed in modern western political discourse, so are demagogic attacks on fellow citizens judged deviant from a fetishized, ideal national. In recent years natural and manufactured calamities have unleashed the largest wave of refugees since the 1940s and in case after case we see those left homeless, as well as domestic minorities in distress, divvied into discrete categories that bespeak a modern-day layering and racialization of suffering.

中文翻译：

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恢复、难民和应得种族

我们当中的乐观主义者愿意相信，在 21 世纪人类已经成熟并认识到苦难的普遍性以及迅速有效地减轻苦难的必要性。痛苦是无性别的，没有信仰，没有文化，也没有种族特征。这种观点，这种重申的理想主义，对于现代人权法的发展和众多非政府组织的基础至关重要。每当有人说出“再也不会”这句话时，它就会产生回响。这种精神的最终表现是伸出援助之手，并在必要时向逃离战争和环境灾难的人提供庇护 可悲的是，民众和政府对当代灾难及其受害者的反应表明，普遍存在着相当不同的心态。非自愿移民通常是对国家秩序的经济和安全威胁。一个非问题，他们的痛苦被搁置一旁。但从某种意义上说，移民，无论是自愿的还是其他方面的，都是很好的伙伴。不仅仇外心理在现代西方政治话语中都公然表现出来，对同胞的煽动性攻击也被认为是偏离了恋物癖的理想民族。近年来，自然灾害和人为灾难引发了自 1940 年代以来最大的难民潮，在一次又一次的案例中，我们看到那些无家可归的人以及处于困境中的国内少数群体分成了不同的类别，这些类别表明了现代社会的分层和种族化。痛苦。从某种意义上说，自愿和其他方面的人都很好。不仅仇外心理在现代西方政治话语中都公然表现出来，对同胞的煽动性攻击也被认为是偏离了恋物癖的理想民族。近年来，自然灾害和人为灾难引发了自 1940 年代以来最大的难民潮，在一次又一次的案例中，我们看到那些无家可归的人以及处于困境中的国内少数群体分成了不同的类别，这些类别表明了现代社会的分层和种族化。痛苦。从某种意义上说，自愿和其他方面的人都很好。不仅仇外心理在现代西方政治话语中都公然表现出来，对同胞的煽动性攻击也被认为是偏离了恋物癖的理想民族。近年来，自然灾害和人为灾难引发了自 1940 年代以来最大的难民潮，在一次又一次的案例中，我们看到那些无家可归的人以及处于困境中的国内少数群体分成了不同的类别，这些类别表明了现代社会的分层和种族化。痛苦。