ABSTRACT Patrimonial configurations are of high importance for evaluating periods that lacked the presence of an imperial rule in the ancient Near East and for understanding the creation of local territorial kingdoms. Hence, the patrimonial model can contribute significantly to one of the enduring debates in the archaeology and history of the southern Levant—the agency of indigenous societies in shaping the sociopolitical reality of the region in the early first millennium bce (Iron Age IIa). A vibrant dialogue between archaeology and text stimulated the development of two scholarly paradigms concerning Tel Dan in the Iron Age IIa: a traditional biblical view that sees Dan as the cultic capital of the northern Israelite kingdom built by king Jeroboam and an alternative view arguing that Dan was initially built by Hazael, king of Aram-Damascus. A renewed study of the Iron Age IIa materials from Dan has raised an alternative explanation for the distinct character of the city by highlighting its autonomous nature. This new insight is supported by a longue durée testimony from late nineteenth to early twentieth centuries CE. It illustrates the key role that Dan and the northern Hula Valley played in formative periods when local semi-nomadic leadership negotiated loyalty and control with various, often rivalrous, political powers. This analysis sheds new light on the identity of the ruling authority and the social make-up of Dan at the eve of the Aramaean conquest.

中文翻译：

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在有争议的边境地区改变效忠：丹在阿拉米人入侵前夕的政治地位

摘要 遗产配置对于评估古代近东缺乏帝国统治的时期以及了解当地领土王国的创建具有重要意义。因此，世袭模式可以对黎凡特南部考古学和历史中的一场持久争论做出重大贡献——这是土著社会在公元前第一个千年早期（铁器时代 IIa）塑造该地区社会政治现实的机构。考古学和文本之间充满活力的对话刺激了铁器时代 IIa 中有关泰尔丹的两种学术范式的发展：一种传统的圣经观点认为但是由耶罗波安国王建造的以色列北部王国的邪教首都，另一种观点认为但最初由亚兰大马士革国王哈薛建造。丹 (Dan) 对铁器时代 IIa 材料的重新研究通过强调其自治性质，对这座城市的独特特征提出了另一种解释。这一新见解得到了从公元 19 世纪末到 20 世纪初的长期证据的支持。它说明了丹和北呼拉谷在当地半游牧领导层与各种通常具有竞争性的政治权力谈判忠诚和控制权的形成时期所发挥的关键作用。这一分析为阿拉姆征服前夕统治当局的身份和丹的社会构成提供了新的启示。这一新见解得到了从公元 19 世纪末到 20 世纪初的长期证据的支持。它说明了丹和北呼拉谷在当地半游牧领导层与各种通常具有竞争性的政治权力谈判忠诚和控制权的形成时期所发挥的关键作用。这一分析为阿拉姆征服前夕统治当局的身份和丹的社会构成提供了新的启示。这一新见解得到了从公元 19 世纪末到 20 世纪初的长期证据的支持。它说明了丹和北呼拉谷在当地半游牧领导层与各种通常具有竞争性的政治权力谈判忠诚和控制权的形成时期所发挥的关键作用。这一分析为阿拉姆人征服前夕统治权威的身份和丹的社会构成提供了新的启示。