Objectives: This paper investigates the trajectories of depression symptoms in adolescents and young adults, and explores factors associated with their depression. Method: For each respondent, three waves of data were collected in 2006, 2009 and 2013 from adolescents and young adults aged 10 to 24 years. The modified Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale was used to interview participants, while the generalised estimating equation (GEE) model was used to identify whether certain factors were associated with depression. Results: The mean depression scores in 2006, 2009 and 2013 were 29.76, 30.80 and 30.51 respectively. Compared to boys, girls reported higher initial levels of depressive symptoms. The depression score was found to be highest among adolescents aged 15 to 17 years. Depression among young people was associated with age, gender, marital status, education levels, general health and living location. Conclusion: Using longitudinal design, this research demonstrated the different trajectories of depression scores between boys and girls over time and provided evidence for interventions improving adolescent mental health in a semi-urban area of Vietnam.

中文翻译：

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快速城市化过程中越南青少年和年轻人抑郁的轨迹：一项纵向研究的证据

目的：研究青少年抑郁症状的轨迹，并探讨与抑郁相关的因素。方法：2006年，2009年和2013年，针对每位受访者，从10至24岁的青少年和年轻人中收集了三波数据。改良的流行病学研究中心抑郁量表用于访谈参与者，而广义估计方程（GEE）模型用于识别某些因素是否与抑郁有关。结果：2006年，2009年和2013年的平均抑郁评分分别为29.76、30.80和30.51。与男孩相比，女孩报告的抑郁症状初始水平更高。发现抑郁评分在15至17岁的青少年中最高。年轻人的抑郁与年龄有关，性别，婚姻状况，受教育程度，总体健康状况和居住地点。结论：使用纵向设计，该研究证明了随着时间的推移，男孩和女孩之间抑郁得分的轨迹不同，并为改善越南半城市地区青少年心理健康的干预措施提供了证据。