This study investigated the contribution of general normative beliefs about aggression and specific normative beliefs about retaliatory aggression in predicting physical, non-physical and relational aggression. Adolescents (N = 229) from a low-income community in South Africa completed the Normative Beliefs about Aggression Scale (NOBAGS) and the Aggression–Problem Behaviour Frequency Scale (A–PBFS). The results revealed significantly higher levels of all forms of aggression amongst boys as compared to girls. There were significant gender differences in belief-behaviour associations with more significant correlations found among girls. General beliefs endorsing aggression were positively correlated with physical aggression among girls. For girls, beliefs about the acceptability of verbal and physical retaliation were associated with relational and non-physical aggression. The current findings broaden the understanding of the predictors of aggressive behaviour among South African youth. They emphasise that both general beliefs about aggression and specific beliefs about retaliation predict actual aggressive behaviour. Significantly, the study emphasizes that there are gender differences in the prediction of aggressive behaviour in terms of normative beliefs.

中文翻译：

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规范性信念可以预测南非青少年身体，非身体和关系的侵略

这项研究调查了关于侵略性的一般规范性信念和关于报复性侵略的特定规范性信念在预测身体，非身体和关系性侵略中的贡献。来自南非低收入社区的青少年（N = 229）完成了关于侵略量表的规范性信念（NOBAGS）和侵略性问题行为频率量表（A–PBFS）。结果表明，与女孩相比，男孩的各种形式的侵略行为明显更高。信念-行为协会中存在明显的性别差异，而女孩之间的关联更显着。支持侵略性的一般信念与女孩的身体侵略性正相关。对于女孩来说 关于言语和身体报复的可接受性的信念与关系性和非身体性的攻击有关。目前的发现拓宽了南非青年中攻击行为预测因素的理解。他们强调，关于侵略的一般信仰和关于报复的特定信仰都可以预测实际的攻击行为。值得注意的是，该研究强调，就规范性信念而言，在攻击行为的预测中存在性别差异。