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A systematic review of short and medium-term mental health outcomes in young people following sexual assault
Journal of Child & Adolescent Mental Health ( IF 0.3 ) Pub Date : 2019-09-02 , DOI: 10.2989/17280583.2019.1665533
Kirsten E MacGregor 1 , Laia Villalta 2 , Venetia Clarke 3 , Russell Viner 1 , Tami Kramer 2 , Sophie N Khadr 1, 3
Affiliation  

Objective: Sexual assault peaks in adolescence, yet sequelae at this age are not well understood. This systematic review aimed to describe mental health outcomes following sexual assault in young people. Method: Two reviewers independently searched databases, screening publications from 1990 to 2018. Inclusion criteria included: longitudinal studies, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses with ≥50% participants aged ten to 24 years; baseline mental health assessment prior to/or <8 weeks post-assault with follow-up ≥ 3 months after the initial assessment. Results: 5 124 titles and abstracts were screened, with 583 papers examined in full. Ten studies met inclusion criteria (sample size 31 to 191). Five studies examined rates of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), reporting rates of up to 95% within one month and up to 60% at 12 months post-assault. Studies evaluating post-traumatic (n = 5) and anxiety (n = 3) symptom scores showed symptoms were highest in the immediate aftermath of the trauma, generally reducing over four to 12 months post-assault. Depressive symptomology appeared to vary between studies (n = 5). However, the majority showed symptoms decreasing over the same time period. Conclusions: Psychopathology is common following sexual assault in young people. Most studies observed reduced rates over time, but there is a paucity of longitudinal research. Psychopathology during the first year after sexual assault is an important treatment target to consider.

中文翻译:

对性侵犯后年轻人短期和中期心理健康结果的系统评价

目的:性侵犯在青春期达到顶峰,但这个年龄的后遗症尚不清楚。该系统评价旨在描述年轻人遭受性侵犯后的心理健康结果。方法:两名审稿人独立搜索数据库,筛选1990年至2018年的出版物。纳入标准包括:纵向研究,系统评价和荟萃分析,参与者年龄在10至24岁之间的比例≥50%;在攻击后/或攻击后<8周进行基线心理健康评估,并在初始评估后≥3个月进行随访。结果:筛选了5 124个标题和摘要,其中583篇论文被全面审查。十项研究符合纳入标准(样本大小为31至191)。五项研究检查了创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)的发生率,报告的攻击率在一个月内高达95%,在攻击后12个月内高达60%。评估创伤后(n = 5)和焦虑(n = 3)症状评分的研究表明,创伤后即刻症状最高,一般在袭击后四到十二个月内减轻。抑郁症状在研究之间似乎有所不同(n = 5)。但是,大多数人的症状在同一时期有所减轻。结论:青少年遭受性侵犯后,心理病理很常见。大多数研究都观察到随着时间的流逝速率会降低,但是缺乏纵向研究。性侵犯后第一年的精神病理学是要考虑的重要治疗目标。评估创伤后(n = 5)和焦虑(n = 3)症状评分的研究表明,创伤后即刻症状最高,一般在袭击后四到十二个月内减轻。抑郁症状在研究之间似乎有所不同(n = 5)。但是,大多数人的症状在同一时期有所减轻。结论:青少年遭受性侵犯后,心理病理很常见。大多数研究都观察到随着时间的流逝速率会降低,但是缺乏纵向研究。性侵犯后第一年的精神病理学是要考虑的重要治疗目标。评估创伤后(n = 5)和焦虑(n = 3)症状评分的研究表明,创伤后即刻症状最高,一般在袭击后四到十二个月内减轻。抑郁症状在研究之间似乎有所不同(n = 5)。但是,大多数人的症状在同一时期有所减轻。结论:青少年遭受性侵犯后,心理病理很常见。大多数研究都观察到随着时间的流逝速率会降低,但是缺乏纵向研究。性侵犯后第一年的精神病理学是要考虑的重要治疗目标。在年轻人遭受性侵犯后,心理病理很常见。大多数研究都观察到随着时间的流逝速率会降低,但是缺乏纵向研究。性侵犯后第一年的精神病理学是要考虑的重要治疗目标。在年轻人遭受性侵犯后,心理病理很常见。大多数研究都观察到随着时间的流逝速率会降低,但是缺乏纵向研究。性侵犯后第一年的精神病理学是要考虑的重要治疗目标。
更新日期:2019-09-02
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