outside. Such differences lead in the chapter to discussion of where the differences in the two systems lie, and the influence of additional factors in Vietnamese society in shaping its medical system. Chapter 4 revolves around a class divide among the Vietnamese medical community, and the impact on the health system of the French colonial power as well as of Vietnamese nationalists. It shows that the indigenous medical practitioners were the last group to use the Nôm writing system to transmit traditional medical knowledge, after other groups had given it up. Chapter 5 provides a summary of all the book’s arguments. The author asserts that indigenous medical theory is the most essential aspect in understanding Vietnamese medicine, and that the role of the indigenous factor in the knowledge and treatments of Vietnamese physicians should not be overlooked in understanding the history of Vietnamese prevention of smallpox and of Vietnamese traditional medicine as a whole. The contribution of this book lies in its subtle exposition of the history and development of traditional Vietnamese medicine in the 19th and 20th centuries from linguistic, social and historical dimensions. Thompson offers rich content and arguments that are supported with the evidence of historical manuscripts, as well as interviews, observations and textual analysis of the Vietnamese writing and language system. The selection of evidence is supported by a comprehensive range of references of historical literature in different languages. The book presents ethnographic research, including interviews with contemporary clinicians (p. 119), and observation of contemporary practice of Vietnamese variolation (p. 81), providing a mirror to understanding traditional medicine in history by looking at its contemporary manifestations. This book presents a selection of ideas and facts that will be highly useful to scholars or students interested in the historical development of traditional medicine in Vietnam or in East Asia. Not only does it give analysis of the medical history of a place from a new perspective, its use of cross-disciplinary evidence opens up our knowledge of the Vietnamese writing system, for example. The evidence used highlights public health concerns over the spread of smallpox at a historical point in a specific place; the illustration of the Macao mission, where children were shipped to bring in vaccinations with their bodies, may provide insightful if disturbing thoughts to anyone who is interested in the relation of medicine to ethics.

中文翻译：

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拯救韩国的孩子：国际收养的冷战起源

外部。这种差异导致本章讨论两种系统的差异所在，以及越南社会中其他因素对塑造其医疗系统的影响。第 4 章围绕越南医学界的阶级分化，以及法国殖民势力和越南民族主义者对卫生系统的影响展开。这表明土著医生是最后一个使用 Nôm 书写系统传播传统医学知识的群体，在其他群体已经放弃之后。第 5 章总结了本书的所有论点。作者断言本土医学理论是理解越南医学最重要的方面，在了解越南预防天花的历史和整个越南传统医学的历史时，不应忽视本土因素在越南医生的知识和治疗中的作用。这本书的贡献在于它从语言、社会和历史维度对 19 世纪和 20 世纪越南传统医学的历史和发展进行了微妙的阐述。汤普森提供了丰富的内容和论点，这些内容和论点得到了历史手稿的支持，以及对越南文字和语言系统的采访、观察和文本分析。证据的选择得到了广泛的不同语言的历史文献参考资料的支持。这本书介绍了民族志研究，包括对当代临床医生的采访（第 119 页），以及对越南变种的当代实践的观察（第 81 页），通过观察其当代表现，为理解历史上的传统医学提供了一面镜子。本书精选了一些观点和事实，对对越南或东亚传统医学的历史发展感兴趣的学者或学生非常有用。例如，它不仅从一个新的角度分析一个地方的病史，而且它使用跨学科证据打开了我们对越南文字系统的了解。所使用的证据凸显了公众对天花在特定地点某个历史时期传播的担忧；澳门使团的插图，