ABSTRACT Refurbishment policies for the historic segment of the building stock must be carefully promoted in the process of addressing the transition to a low-emission society to avoid the loss of the values which make this heritage significant. This article presents and the results of a Norwegian life cycle assessment comparing the net climate benefits from the refurbishment of a residential building from the 1930s with the construction of a new building in accordance with modern building codes. The results show that a careful refurbishment of the historic building is favourable in a climate change mitigation perspective over a 60-year period of analysis. For the new building, it takes more than 50 years for the initial emissions from construction to be outweighed by the effects of lower in-use energy consumption. The results underline the significance of emissions from the use of materials in the refurbishment process and that residents play a critical part with respect to realising the expected energy savings. It is concluded that material use and user behaviour have a crucial impact on greenhouse gas emissions in a life cycle perspective and that the continued use of historic buildings should be advocated for in building codes and environmental policies.

中文翻译：

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生命周期评估和历史建筑：挪威的能效翻新与新建建筑

摘要 在向低排放社会过渡的过程中，必须谨慎推动对历史建筑部分的翻新政策，以避免使这一遗产具有重要意义的价值丧失。本文介绍了挪威生命周期评估的结果，比较了 1930 年代翻新住宅建筑与根据现代建筑规范建造新建筑的净气候效益。结果表明，经过 60 年的分析，从减缓气候变化的角度来看，仔细翻新历史建筑是有利的。对于新建筑而言，建设初期的排放量需要 50 多年的时间才能被较低的在用能源消耗的影响所抵消。结果强调了翻新过程中材料使用排放的重要性，并且居民在实现预期节能方面发挥着关键作用。结论是，从生命周期的角度来看，材料使用和用户行为对温室气体排放具有至关重要的影响，并且应在建筑规范和环境政策中倡导继续使用历史建筑。