ABSTRACT

In this article I argue that, with the liberation of the hand from the tasks of locomotion in human evolution, unconscious use of the hands begins to create cultural forms. The first feature of the hands is its openness to the world. The second feature is its mediation between things and the body of which it is a part. The third feature is its self-referentiality. By touching, by giving form to a material, by gestures, and by establishing symbolic order in the given world, the actions of the hand develop important preconditions for language, aesthetic forms, and social order. The hand itself assumes the most diverse shapes and gives different shapes to the objects around it. Touching and pointing produce the certainty that the indicated object exists, insofar as it is produced as object-for-the-hand. Its doubling in the use of the hand re-creates the object in a symbolic medium. This mimetic re-creation of the world is the main characteristic of the creativity of hand use. The two-sided plasticity of the hands divides the social universe into right and left halves, classified according to right-handed and left-handed values. The hand’s actual acquisition of this capacity is the result of a social process. In coordination with our visual sense, the use of the hands leads both to the making of objects and to the construction of worlds of subjective feelings. Both achievements are often ascribed to language. But the functions considered as most fundamental to language first take shape in the unconscious use of our hands.

摘要

在本文中，我认为，随着手从人类进化中的运动任务中解放出来，无意识地使用手开始创造文化形式。双手的第一个特征是它对世界的开放性。第二个特征是它在事物和身体之间的中介，它是其中的一部分。第三个特点是其自我参照。通过触摸，通过赋予材料形式，通过手势以及在给定的世界中建立符号顺序，手的动作为语言，美学形式和社会秩序发展了重要的前提。手本身具有最多样化的形状，并且为其周围的物体赋予不同的形状。触摸和指向可确保所指示的对象存在，因为它是作为手对象产生的。其加倍在使用手的重新创建在一个符号介质的对象。这种模拟再创造的世界是手使用的创造力的主要特征。手中分歧的双面可塑性社会宇宙到右侧和左按右手和左手值分类。手实际获得这种能力是社会过程的结果。与我们的视觉感觉相协调，双手的使用不仅导致物体的制造，而且导致主观感觉世界的构建。两种成就通常都归因于语言。但是，被认为是语言最基本的功能首先是在无意识地使用我们的手的情况下形成的。