philosophy, philosophy, and science. David Cahan (2013) has presented a view of natural philosophy as the mother of the sciences, which Maxwell also articulates. Many discoveries made in the early 1700s were interchangeably understood as natural philosophy. However, further developments in the field of philosophy provided an avenue for the rise of science. Malament (2002) has collected evidence that science and mathematics are a product of philosophical thought. Knight and Eddy (2005) have suggested that the shift from natural philosophy to natural science took place between 1700 and 1900. This period has been said to experience enormous shifts that led to the conception of modern science. These examples indicate that Maxwell’s book is a reflection of many other publications on similar topics. The approaches used by the different authors to explain the shift are analogous. Maxwell has been efficient in presenting the central themes of the book. The evidence mustered through examples proves the author’s depth of knowledge. He states that science and philosophy evolved from natural philosophy. It was a gradual process that brought together contributions from various philosophers and scientists. One can easily understand the shift from natural philosophy to science and philosophy after reading Maxwell’s book. The book further explains how natural philosophy has also been influential in the development of concepts in social science.

中文翻译：

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新机械哲学

哲学，哲学和科学。大卫·卡汉（David Cahan，2013年）提出了自然哲学作为科学之母的观点，麦克斯韦（Maxwell）也表达了这一观点。1700年代初期的许多发现被互换理解为自然哲学。但是，哲学领域的进一步发展为科学的兴起提供了途径。Malament（2002）收集了证据，证明科学和数学是哲学思想的产物。奈特和埃迪（2005）提出，从自然哲学到自然科学的转变发生在1700年至1900年之间。据说这一时期经历了导致现代科学概念的巨大转变。这些例子表明，麦克斯韦的书反映了许多其他类似主题的出版物。不同作者用来解释这种转变的方法是相似的。麦克斯韦（Maxwell）高效地介绍了本书的中心主题。通过实例收集的证据证明了作者的知识渊博。他指出科学和哲学是从自然哲学演变而来的。这是一个渐进的过程，汇集了各种哲学家和科学家的贡献。阅读Maxwell的书后，您可以轻松理解从自然哲学到科学和哲学的转变。该书进一步解释了自然哲学如何在社会科学概念的发展中也产生了影响。他指出科学和哲学是从自然哲学演变而来的。这是一个渐进的过程，汇集了各种哲学家和科学家的贡献。阅读Maxwell的书后，您可以轻松理解从自然哲学到科学和哲学的转变。该书进一步解释了自然哲学如何在社会科学概念的发展中也产生了影响。他指出科学和哲学是从自然哲学演变而来的。这是一个渐进的过程，汇集了各种哲学家和科学家的贡献。阅读Maxwell的书后，您可以轻松理解从自然哲学到科学和哲学的转变。该书进一步解释了自然哲学如何在社会科学概念的发展中也产生了影响。